历史生物地理学的理论和方法

历史生物地理学的理论主要是扩散和隔离分化的理论。到目前为止 ,形成了扩散学派、种系发生学派、泛生物地理学派和分支生物地理学派。除了扩散学派外 ,其它学派都有一些可操作的、规范的分析程序和方法。文中对它们进行了简要的介绍和述评。作为南半球环太平洋分布的、且研究较多的植物例子 ,也简要介绍了南山毛榉属的研究进展。

HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY: THEORY AND METHOD

The theory of historical biogeography mainly consists of vicariance and dispersion. The five important schools and methods, dispersalism,phylogenetic biogeography, panbiogeography, cladistic biogeography and PAE (parsimony analysis of endemicity) are briefly introduced in this paper. The methods, except dispersalism,all are of some standard and operational procedures. And the advances in the plant genus Nothofagus ,an important taxon for the southern hemisphere Pacific biogeography, are also introduced.