上海与长江流域各省区间的旅游互动

采用转移一份额分析法对1999-2005年上海及长江干流区域内各省区入境旅游者统计数据和抽样调查数据进行分析研究发现，在长江流域各省区出、入沪旅游流总量增长中，结构性转移分量的贡献影响发挥着主导影响；份额分量的贡献影响发挥着基础性影响作用；而竞争性转移分量的贡献影响虽然有表现，但其作用绩效明显低于其他分量的影响绩效；总体上，结构性转移分量与份额分量高度集聚于上海毗邻的江浙地区，表现出长三角地区旅游流的高度内聚性；但出、入沪旅游流增量中的各分量贡献影响，在长江流域各省区间出现显著的不均衡现象，上海出沪旅游辐射强度在长江流域自东向西呈现出“U”型格局的空间变化。其中，距离尺度虽然是影响旅游流空间差异变化的重要因子，但省区间的资源禀赋、旅游区位交通的便捷性、旅游产品特色与供给结构变动、区域间旅游一体化程度等因子所构成的区域性差异，则是影响大都市与区域间旅游互动程度和空间格局的深层次原因。促进大都市与不同尺度规模区域之间的旅游互动，实现大都市与区域间旅游和谐发展，全面提升中国旅游的空间效益，是中国区域旅游深度发展需要进一步关注的战略性命题。

The Tourism Interaction between Shanghai and Provinces in the Yangtze River Valley

With the Shift-share Method, the international visitor arrivals statistical data and sampling survey data from 1999 to 2005 of Shanghai and the provinces of the Yangtze River Valley(YRV) have been analyzed, indicating that the contribution of structural shifted components plays a leading role, and the contribution of share components plays a fundamental role in the in-flow and out-flow tourist increment in the provinces of the YRV from or to Shanghai. The competitive shifted components also make contributions but their effect is obviously less than other components. Generally, the structural shifted components and the share components highly concentrate in Shanghai's two neighboring provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangsu, showing a highly regional agglomeration;however, as for the component contributions to the in-flow and out-flow tourist increments in Shanghai, there exists disproportionality in influence in the various provinces of the Yangtze River Delta. To be more specific, the intensity of tourist flow from Shanghai, from east to west, shows a U-shaped distribution. In addition, although the spatial distance is an important factor affecting the change of spatial difference of tourist flow, the regional differences of tourism resource endowment, traffic, characteristics and supply of tourist products and the regional tourism integration, are the fundamental causes affecting tourism interaction between the metropolis and its region, and the change of tourism spatial distribution. It is strategically important to develop regional tourism by promoting the tourism interaction between the metropolis and its region in different spatial scales, so as to realize harmonious development and improve tourism spatial efficiency in China.