基于TM和ETM~+数据的玛纳斯河流域积雪时空分布特征研究

为了进一步研究玛纳斯河流域积雪的时空分布特征以及影响因素,应用遥感技术,以Landsat TM(美国地球资源探测卫星系统上加载的专题绘图资料)以及ETM+(增强型专题绘图资料)为数据源,利用雪盖指数法对研究区进行了积雪信息提取。通过对提取积雪信息的研究,分析了研究区的积雪时空分布的特征,并详细分析了高程、坡度、坡向以及其他因素对于积雪分布的影响。结果表明研究区积雪空间分布随高度和地形变化非常明显,积雪主要分布高海拔地区,而山间河谷地带则相对较少,同时积雪受季节影响较大,主要集中在秋、冬、春3个季节;并得出高程、坡向对积雪分布影响比较大,而坡度对积雪分布影响则相对较小的规律特征。

Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of snow based on TM and ETM+ data in Manas River Basin

In order to further study the spatial and temporal variation characteristics and the influencing factors of snow in Manas River Basin, with the application of remote sensing technology, this paper takes Landsat TM(Thematic Mapping) and ETM⁺(Enhanced Thematic Mapping) as data source and makes use of NDSI to acquire the information of snow in studying area. Through the study of snow information extraction, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of snow and the effect of elevation, slope, aspect and other factors on the distribution are analyzed in detail. The results show that the variation of the snow distribution in studying area with altitude and topography is very obvious and the snow is mainly distributed in the areas with great height above sea level, but is seldom seen in the mountain valley region. At the same time, the snow is mostly influenced by seasons, mainly concentrated in autumn, winter, and spring. Moreover, the effects of elevation, slope direction on snow distribution is relatively larger than that of the slope.