新疆和田碧玉的结构特征与组成矿物成分分析

采用扫描电子显微镜、电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射、红外光谱、拉曼光谱等测试方法对新疆和田-于田县矿区产出碧玉的结构特征、组成矿物成分进行了测试与分析,得到新疆和田碧玉的典型显微结构为纤维交织结构。组成矿物颗粒呈纤维状、粒状交织排列,进而形成了其手标本细腻的质地与高韧度。和田碧玉为闪石质玉石,主要矿物成分为透闪石,并且含有铬铁矿、绿泥石、蛇纹石、辉石、磷灰石等杂质矿物,透闪石随铁含量的增加向阳起石过渡。

Structure and mineral composition of green nephrite from Xinjiang

This paper analyzed the structure and mineral composition of green nephrite from Hetian-Yutian County of Xinjiang by means of scanning electron microscope, electron microprobe, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The result reveals that the main microstructure of the green nephrite is the woven felt-like cryptocrystalline blastic texture, the arrangements of the mineral particles result in its delicate texture and high toughness. SEM characteristics illustrate its clean topography and compactness. The major mineral in green nephrite from this region is tremolite, and it subsequently turns into actinolite with the increase of iron oxide. There are also many other minerals, such as chromite, chlorite, serpentine, clinopyroxene and apatite.