面向数据共享的地球系统科学数据分类探讨

地球系统科学数据共享在国际、国内都有迫切的需求。由于地球系统科学固有的学科交叉性和综合性,如何建立科学、通用的数据分类体系是困扰该领域数据共享和服务的难题。首先综合分析了国际上地球系统科学领域主要的数据分类体系,重点对美国全球变化主目录(GCMD)分类系统及其2005—2013年的演变趋势进行分析,指出当前该数据分类呈现扁平化、两极化的显著特征。在此基础上,重点梳理了国家科技基础条件平台———地球系统科学数据共享平台的用户服务记录,揭示了用户访问频次最高的数据集和检索关键词。结合GCMD系统化、结构化的分类思想和国家地球系统科学数据共享平台用户化的数据服务需求,提出扁平化的地球系统科学数据目录分类和规范化的关键词表体系2种分类模式。

A Study of Earth System Science Data Classification for Data Sharing

There are urgent requirements for data sharing on Earth System Science in China and abroad. How to build a scientific and universal data classification system is a difficult problem faced by Earth System Science data sharing because there are inherent characteristics of interdisciplines and integration. Firstly, the main international Earth System Science data classification systems are comprehensively analyzed in the paper. Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) classification architecture and its change trend from 2005 to 2013 are studied in detail. Then two typical classification features nowadays are pointed out, which are flat classification trend and bipolarity feature, i.e., super simple classification and super comprehensive classification. Online data services records of Data Sharing Network of Earth System Science (DSNESS), National Scientific and Technological Infrastructure, were calculated. High frequency visiting data sets and key words querying records were listed. Classification idea was produced with the combination of GCMD system and structural classification and DSNESS's user requirements and data services in practice. Data catalog system and keyword system are proposed finally. Data catalog system has 14 first class types and 173 second class types. Besides traditional sphere structure classification, new classification with China features are added to the data catalog system, such as typical region, nature resources, and so on. Keyword system includes 13 first class types, 71 second class types and 686 keywords. According to the service practice of DSNESS, serials of typical keywords are added to keyword system, such as typical natural region in land surface, ecosystem in biosphere, economic resources in human factor, nature resources, and so on.