不规则体体积计算三维激光点云切片法

体积参数是空间体对象形态分析的基本内容,难点是不规则体的体积计算。本文提出的点云"切片法",快捷准确地解决了由三维激光扫描空间体对象所得点云体的体积计算难题。该法先将三维激光扫描空间体对象所得点云按特定方向顺序进行等间距的切片处理,得到与点云体相对应的、离散的系列点云切片;再依切割次序逐一搜索点云切片外轮廓多边形,并计算多边形(即点云切片)的面积;最后,利用切片面积和相邻切片间距求解点云段块体积,并求和得到整体点云体(即所扫描空间体对象)的体积。算例计算结果与分析表明,基于切片的不规则体的三维激光扫描点云的体积计算方法正确、简洁、可靠、高效、可控,可以解决不规则体的体积计算问题。

Slicing 3D laser point cloud method for volume caloulation of irregular object

Volume parameter is the basic content of a spatial body object morphology analysis. However, the challenge lies in the volume calculation of irregular objects. The point cloud slicing method proposed in this study effectively works in calculating the volume of the point cloud of the spatial object obtained through three-dimensional laser scanner (3DLS). In this method, a uniformly spaced sequent slicing process is first conducted in a specific direction on the point cloud of the spatial object obtained through 3DLS. A series of discrete point cloud slices corresponding to the point cloud bodies are then obtained. Subsequently, the outline boundary polygon of the point cloud slicing is searched one by one in accordance with the slicing sequence and areas of the polygon. The point cloud slice is also calculated. Finally, the individual point cloud section volume is calculated through the slicing areas and the adjacent slicing gap. Thus, the total volume of the scanned spatial object can be calculated by summing up the individual volumes. According to the results and analysis of the calculated examples, the slice-based volume-calculating method for the point cloud of irregular objects obtained through 3DLS is correct, concise in process, reliable in results, efficient in calculation methods, and controllable in accuracy. This method comes as a good solution to the volume calculation of irregular objects.