Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China——Ⅳ：Study on cross-bay transect from estuary to ocean

The authors analyzed the data collected in the Ecological Station Jiaozhou Bay from May 1991 to November 1994, including 12 seasonal investigations, to determine the characteristics, dynamic cycles and variation trends of the silicate in the bay. The results indicated that the rivers around Jiaozhou Bay provided abundant supply of silicate to the bay. The silicate concentration there depended on river flow variation. The horizontal variation of silicate concentration on the transect showed that the silicate concentration decreased with distance from shorelines. The vertical variation of it showed that silicate sank and deposited on the sea bottom by phytoplankton uptake and death, and zooplankton excretion. In this way, silicon would endlessly be transferred from terrestrial sources to the sea bottom. The silicon took up by phytoplankton and by other biogeochemical processes led to insufficient silicon supply for phytoplankton growth. In this paper, a 2D dynamic model of river flow versus silicate concentration was established by which silicate concentrations of 0.028–0.062 μmol/L in seawater was yielded by inputting certain seasonal unit river flows (m³/s), or in other words, the silicate supply rate; and when the unit river flow was set to zero, meaning no river input, the silicate concentrations were between 0.05–0.69 μmol/L in the bay. In terms of the silicate supply rate, Jiaozhou Bay was divided into three parts. The division shows a given river flow could generate several different silicon levels in corresponding regions, so as to the silicon-limitation levels to the phytoplankton in these regions. Another dynamic model of river flow versus primary production was set up by which the phytoplankton primary production of 5.21–15.55 (mgC/m²·d)/(m³/s) were obtained in our case at unit river flow values via silicate concentration or primary production conversion rate. Similarly, the values of primary production of 121.98–195.33 (mgC/m²·d) were achieved at zero unit river flow condition. A primary production conversion rate reflects the sensitivity to silicon depletion so as to different phytoplankton primary production and silicon requirements by different phytoplankton assemblages in different marine areas. In addition, the authors differentiated two equations (Eqs. 1 and 2) in the models to obtain the river flow variation that determines the silicate concentration variation, and in turn, the variation of primary production. These results proved further that nutrient silicon is a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth. This study was funded by NSFC (No. 40036010), and the Director's Fund of the Beihai Sea Monitoring Center, the State Oceanic Administration.     

三疣梭子蟹个体发育早期的同工酶初步研究

三疣梭子蟹Portunus triuberculatus（Miers）俗称白蟹，隶属于节肢动物门，甲壳纲，十足目，梭子蟹科，梭子蟹属，分布于中国、日本及朝鲜等海域。它是一种大型海产经济蟹类，食用价值高、生长快，已成为海水养殖的主要品种之一。自20世纪50年代起，我国科技工作者已经陆续对其在形态、习性、繁殖、发育、生长、种群、生理、成分和养殖技术等方面做了较多的研究。但关于梭子蟹同工酶的研究罕见报道。笔者以三疣梭子蟹发育早期幼体为材料，进行了4种同工酶谱研究，以期为三疣梭子蟹的发育生物学、遗传学以及幼体发育过程中的营养生理学研究提供参考。     

A New Combination and Two Varieties of Polystigmate Gomphonema （Gomphonemaceae Bacillariophyta） from Heilongjiang Province, China

The authors discribed a new polystigmate combination, Gomphonema turris Ehr. var. okamurae (Skv.) Fan et Bao.comb.nov., and two new varieties, Gomphonema tuttis Ehr. vat. latum Fan et Wang. var.nov. and Gomphonema acum/natum var. obtusum Fan et Bao, var. nov., that were distinguished by frustule morphology under LM. The samples were collected from freshwater of Heilongjiang Province, China.     

Biogenic silicate accumulation in sediments, Jiaozhou Bay

1 INTRODUCTION Silicate, or silicic acid (H4SiO4), is a very im- portant nutrient in the ocean. Unlike other major nu- trients such as phosphate and nitrate or ammonium, which are needed by almost all marine plankton, silicate is an essential chemical req…     

巴拉贡矿区低品位坡缕石粘土的成胶性能探讨

以改良库布齐沙漠为目的,结合坡缕石粘土特有的成胶性、吸附性和保水性能,用巴拉贡矿区的低品位坡缕石粘土进行了粘土成胶性能的研究.结果表明,在加入聚合物PAAS含量相同的条件下(与水的体积比为0.05mL/100 mL),球磨成胶和胶磨成胶的效果较好,两者的最佳土水比值相近,约20～21 g/100 mL,略高于棒磨成胶的18 g/100 mL,远高于均质成胶的6 g/100 mL.本研究为改良沙漠化土壤提供了新思路,同时为坡缕石矿物找到了新的应用领域,拓宽了低品位坡缕石粘土的市场.     

海水中悬浮粒子的微电泳研究 Ⅰ针铁矿、δ-MnO2的电泳淌度与酸度、重金属离子及有机物浓度的关系

本文用微电泳的方法研究了针铁矿及δ—MnO2悬浮粒子的电泳行为。支持电解质的离子强度影响淌度的大小，但不改变等电点(IEP)。重金属离子在悬浮粒子上的吸附，使pH高于IEP时的表面电荷由负变正，而在pH低于IEP影响不大。小分子量的有机物如氨基酸对悬浮粒子的淌度影响不大，而大分子量的有机物如腐殖酸使IEP左移。天然海水，河水等对悬浮粒子表面电荷的影响是其中的有机物使IEP左移的结果，故天然水体中悬浮粒子无例外地均荷负电。     

蓝绿激光探测水下目标的脉冲传输统计模拟及回波特性初步研究

文中给出了用蓝绿激光脉冲探测水下目标时的回波特性初步研究结果,所用的方法是对激光脉冲在海水中的传输作蒙特卡洛统计模拟.研究表明,位于目标上方空中的接收机收到的回波脉冲功率随着目标物水深的增加而呈指数下降,但随目标物反射的增加而增加.水体对激光的多次散射增强了回波脉冲功率,但也使脉冲明显变宽.     

珠江口悬浮颗粒物质的电泳性质

研究了溶液ｐＨ值、离子强度、氨基酸和微量金属元素对珠江口悬浮物电泳淌度的影响。结果表明：随着溶液ｐＨ值的升高，电泳淌度（负值）的绝对值开始逐渐增大，至ｐＨ值为８左右开始下降；随着离子强度的增大，电泳淌度的绝对值也相应增大，至１０－２时趋向平稳；氨基酸对电泳淌度无影响；而微量金属元素（Ｆｅ）对电泳淌度的影响取决于该元素的含量。     

黄鳍鲷LDH同工酶的组织特异性研究

以黄鳍鲷为材料进行两方面研究:（1）用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法，对其肌肉，心脏，肝脏，血清，玻璃体，晶状体，脑等组织器官进行LDH同工酶分析比较，结果表明，不同组织中LDH的同工酶谱带不相同，存在着组织特异性：（2）用聚丙烯酰胺等电聚焦电泳法对其肌肉，血清的LDH同工酶进行分离 ，结果得到12－15条电泳区带，等电点范围在pH为3．65－9．58之间。     

苏伊士运河及费拉代尔菲隔离沟对拟开建胶莱人工海河的启示

苏伊士运河的运营已带来一系列的生态和环境问题;为计划开凿一条长仅15km的巴以隔离沟的环境影响评价工作成果认为,隔离沟规模虽小,但也将带来地下水位降低、咸化和土壤盐渍化等环境影响问题。对拟建胶莱人工海河的可行性论证,提出了7个评估工程环境效应和经济效益方面的工作。