黑龙江秋冬季流凌及其预防

在河流封冻前,冰块和河水一起流动,河流在解冻后也是冰块顺流而下,都叫作“流凌”。人们所说的冰排,实际就是流凌现象。     

Critical Approach to Methods of Glacier Reconstruction in High Asia and Discussion of the Probability of a Qinghai-Xizang （Tibetan） Inland Ice

This overview discusses old and new results as to the controversy on the past glacier extension in High Asia, which has been debated for 35 years now. This paper makes an attempt to come closer to a solution. H.v. Wissmann's interpretation (1959) of a small-scale glaciation contrasts with M. Kuhle's reconstruction (1974) of a large-scale glaciation with a 2.4 million km2 extended Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) inland glaciation and a Himalaya-Karakorum icestream network. Both opinions find support but also contradiction in the International and Chinese literature (Academia Sinica). The solution of this question is of supraregional importance because of the subtropical position of the concerned areas. In case of large albedo-intensive ice surfaces, a global cooling would be the energetical consequence and, furthermore, a breakdown of the summer monsoon. The current and interglacial heat-low above the very effective heating panel of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau exceeding 4000 m, which gives rise to this monsoon circulation, would be replaced by the cold-high of an inland ice. In addition, the plate-tectonically created Pleistocene history of the uplift of High Asia — should the occasion arise up to beyond the snowline (ELA) —would attain a paleoclimatically great, perhaps global importance. In case of a heavy superimposed ice load, the question would come up as to the glacio-isostatic interruption of this primary uplift. The production of the loesses sedimentated in NE-China and their very probable glacial genesis as well as an eustatic lowering of the sea-level by 5 to 7 m in the maximum case of glaciation are immediately tied up with the question of glaciation we want to discuss. Not the least, the problems of biotopes of the sanctuary-centres of flora and fauna, i.e., interglacial re-settlement, are also dependent on it. On the basis of this Quaternary- geomorphological-glaciological connection, future contributions are requested on the past glaciation, the current and glacial permafrost table and periglacial development, the history of uplift, and the development of Ice Age lakes and loess, but also on the development of vegetation and fauna in High Asia.     

火星山崩威势惊人

几周前,“火星勘探者”捕捉到了威势惊人的火星北极区域的山崩照片,这些崩塌与过去看到的山崩痕迹不同,这是人们第一次看到山崩的现场图像,为理解火星地质活动提供了宝贵资料。这一崩坍沿着北极区域的一个悬崖发生,在其中能看到火星表面的冰块和碎石。悬崖高度超过700米,坡度超过60度。冰块、岩石和尘土组成的混合体都被冰冻在一起,它们顺着悬崖落下时,碎裂开来,飞扬的尘土四处测射,形成了180多米宽的尘埃团。     

冰圈

“冰圈”现象在全球非常罕见,通常只发生在北极、斯堪的纳维亚、加拿大等地区。在河面的拐角处,加速流动的水会产生一种被称为“旋转剪切”的力量,将冰块切断,然后冰块缓慢旋转。     

宁夏冰块的水同位素组成

1980年2月28日，我国宁夏回族自治区吴忠县境内，从空中降落一不透明乳白色冰块。据距坠落地点20米左右的目击者介绍，冰块降落时曾听到沙沙响声，撞击地面的声音很大，碎块四处飞扬，最太碎块估计直径有20多厘米。自治区一些有关研究所组织进行了现场调查，收集了该冰块标本，并对它     

风中有朵冰做的云

如果你对风中有朵雨做的云习以为常,那么对冰块组成的云呢？2009年12月,美国西维吉尼亚州农村地区的一个寒冷早晨,如果仰望天空的话,你将有幸看到一柱光冲破稀薄的云层在头顶盘旋。这道长长的＂运河＂以及旁边的光云洞很大程度上是由飞过的飞机搅动空气造成的。这张由大地5号卫星拍摄于2009年12月11号的照片显示了此类云洞形成的云量及气温条件。     

炙热的冰块 可燃冰

2017年5月,一条新闻轰动地质界。我国南海北部神狐海域进行的可燃冰试采获得成功,宣告中国成为全球首个在海域可燃冰试开采中获得长时间连续稳定产气的国家。可燃冰,从字面上理解,就是可燃烧的冰块,这是一个通俗易懂的理解方式。从大众的角度看,这个东西能跑车、能生火做饭就行,但专业人士更愿意称之为"天然气水合物",因为从采出到提取,再送到百姓们的灶台,这中间还有一个非常繁杂的技术攻关过程。     

温度变化对CG-2型重力仪的影响

本文叙述了对一架加拿大制CG-2型重力仪进行多年的定点观测试验工作。使用不同恒温条件,发现以一年为周期的缓慢变化,幅度可达500微伽。认为外界温度变化对仪器读数的干扰起主要影响。