吉林省桦甸地区太古宙花岗质片麻岩的侵位与变形研究

根据岩石组合，分布，接触，包裹关系以及结构和构造，吉林省桦甸地区太古宙花岗质林岩为角闪英云闪长质片麻岩类和黑云母花岗闪长质片麻岩类，角闪英云闪长质片麻岩类为变形前侵入体，黑云母花岗闪长质片麻岩类为同变形侵入体，两类花岗质片麻岩的侵位是晚太古宙近东西向构造变形相伴生的岩浆活动事件。     

桦甸盆地桦甸组油页岩段地球化学特征及地质意义

桦甸盆地位于敦密断裂带之上,是我国著名的古近纪含油页岩断陷盆地。其中桦甸组油页岩段发育厚层的泥岩沉积。长期以来对该段油页岩特征研究较多,但对其物源区特征和构造背景研究甚少。对油页岩段厚层泥岩进行系统的地球化学分析结果表明：泥岩中w(SiO₂)整体较低,K₂O/Na₂O值较高(大于1),w（MgO+Fe₂O^T₃）为3.91%~11.66%,Al₂O₃/（Na₂O+K₂O）为3.77~6.29,表明泥岩中含有一定的铁镁质组分和较多的稳定组分。微量元素PAAS标准化分配曲线显示不同样品之间元素富集、亏损趋势不一致,同时稀土元素标准化曲线呈现出稀土含量变化较大、轻稀土富集和明显Eu负异常,表明油页岩段沉积时期存在多个物源。泥岩风化蚀变指数为74~82,Th/U值多集中在4.65~6.07,表明泥岩源区经历了相对中等的风化作用。Th/Sc和Zr/Sc值表明泥岩基本受源岩成分控制。由源岩和构造背景判别图解,并结合前人研究资料得知:桦甸盆地油页岩段母岩主要来自于海西期和燕山期花岗岩以及少量的燕山期中酸性喷发岩;源岩形成于大陆边缘造山带,为大陆岛弧火山岩系。     

桦甸油页岩半焦基础理化特性

油页岩半焦是油页岩干馏的主要副产物,半焦的合理利用是油页岩综合利用的基础。利用自建的实验台制备了吉林省桦甸3个矿区油页岩半焦样品,采用X射线衍射仪分析半焦样品的矿物组分,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定了半焦样品中部分痕量元素的含量并分析其富集特性,采用热重分析仪详细研究了各半焦样品的燃烧特性,测定了油页岩半焦的灰分特性、比热、密度、导热系数、可磨性等物性参数。研究表明:桦甸油页岩半焦属于高灰分、低热值和具有中等程度结渣倾向的劣质燃料;半焦中含有较多的石英、方解石、伊蒙混层等矿物质;半焦中痕量元素含量相对较高,并且表现出强富砷特性。利用燃烧实验数据建立的半焦燃烧动力学模型表明,半焦燃烧反应在不同的温度范围内具有不同的反应级数。     

桦甸盆地古近系桦甸组油页岩矿床沉积特征

桦甸盆地位于敦密断裂带主干断裂的北侧,是一个半地堑式盆地。受同生控盆断裂的控制,含油页岩段厚度和油页岩单层厚度均由北缘向南缘断裂（F₁）方向逐渐增厚。盆地内古近系（下第三系）桦甸组为一个完整的三级层序,油页岩形成于水进体系域和高水位体系域的浅湖—深湖环境中。共发育可采油页岩13层,含油率较高（一般8%~13%）,质量较好,具有很好的工业前景。     

吉林省桦甸市老牛沟铁矿床地质特征

吉林省桦甸市老牛沟铁矿是吉林省境内目前发现的最大规模的"鞍山式"铁矿床,与著名的吉林夹皮沟金矿处在同一构造环境内,具有典型的"阿尔果玛"型BIFs铁矿特征。     

桦甸市半拉瓢饰面用闪长岩矿床地质特征及开发前景

桦甸半拉瓢饰面用闪长岩矿床位于吉林优地槽褶皱带之吉林复向斜小绥河—呼兰中间凸起的南端。产于印支期的蘑菇园子—金沙石英闪长岩岩体中,被称为饰面石材矿体的黑云母闪长岩就赋存在该岩体内,为典型的岩浆矿床。主要用于建筑物内、外表面装饰。     

Biomarker evidence for Botryococcus and a methane cycle in the Eocene Huadian oil shale,NE China

The saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons of two samples (HD-19 and HD-21) from the same section of the Middle Eocene lacustrine Huadian oil shale in NE China were identified and shown to be mainly from algal and bacterial sources. Comparison of the two samples provided an opportunity to explore the contribution from telalginite to the hydrocarbon profiles. Cells identified from microscopy as Botryococcus in the telalginite of HD-21 were confirmed as belonging to the L race of B. braunii from the presence of monoaromatic lycopane derivatives and small amounts of several lycopadienes. Lycopane was abundant and was probably derived from biohydrogenation of lycopadienes and related lipids on the basis of δ¹³C values. Hopane distributions showed a dominance of those with the biological 17β,21β-stereochemistry, as expected for an immature shale, with low amounts of 17β,21α-hopanes (moretanes) and 17α,21β-hopanes. Two hopenes were also abundant and assigned as C₂₉ and C₃₀ neohop-13(18)-enes, which occurred together with the C₂₉ and C₃₀ hop-17(21)-enes. These had depleted carbon isotope values (−43.7‰ to −50.8‰), indicative of production by methane oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs). The high proportion of hopanoids with carbon numbers < C₃₂ indicates extensive post-depositional diagenetic alteration of bacteriohopanepolyols as well as a direct input of C₃₀ hopanoids. The data clearly indicate that there was active utilization of methane in this lacustrine depositional setting, but isoprenoid hydrocarbon biomarkers for methanogens, such as pentamethylicosane (PMI) and squalane, were in surprisingly low abundance. It is possible that these bacterial contributions were present as polar lipids. The origins of an unusual C₃₈ isoprenoid alkane assigned as bipristane are uncertain, but may be from methanogens. Steranes and sterenes were relatively minor components, but abundant diasterenes and 4-methyldiasterenes were present, reflecting significant conversion of the original lipid composition by way of clay-catalysed diagenesis. The biomarker data suggest that the bottom waters in the original depositional environment had low O₂ content, but the sediments were probably neither sulfidic nor strongly reducing. The high content of organic matter in the shale likely reflects both high (but fluctuating) productivity due to eutrophic conditions in the overlying water and good preservation in the sediments.     

吉林省桦甸市人类活动诱发地质灾害现状及防治措施

桦甸市是吉林省重要的矿业、水利、交通发达地区与枢纽之一,长期的人类活动,诱发了山体崩塌、滑坡、地面塌陷等地质灾害。本文在调查编制《桦甸市地质灾害防治"十二五"规划》基础上,针对人类活动诱发地质灾害的现状及防治措施提出粗浅看法。     

桦甸盆地始新统桦甸组扇三角洲和水下扇粒度分析与对比

桦甸盆地始新统桦甸组扇三角洲主要划分出泥石流、水上分流河道、水下分流河道、河口坝、席状砂等沉积微相; 水下扇主要划分出辫状沟道和远源浊积岩等沉积微相。扇三角洲沉积物以颗粒支撑为主,自下而上按席状砂、河口坝、水下分流河道、水上分流河道、泥石流的顺序,沉积物粒度和标准偏差递增; 频率曲线尖度递减; 概率累计曲线由高--较高斜度两段式逐渐过渡为中--低斜度两段式、微向上凸的弧线式。反映出上述各微相向上粒度由细变粗的反粒序沉积特征,分选由好变差,杂基含量和水介质能量均逐渐增加。水下扇沉积普遍为杂基支撑,自下而上从远源浊积岩到辫状沟道沉积,粒径和标准偏差增大; 频率曲线尖度减小; 概率累计曲线主要由斜度较高的一段式过渡为斜度不大的一段式或微向上凸的弧线式,说明从远源浊积岩到辫状沟道微相粒度逐渐变粗,分选逐渐变差,杂基含量和水介质能量也逐渐增强。本区扇三角洲CM 图像呈“S”形,主要表现为牵引流沉积特征; 水下扇CM 图像表现为与C = M 线平行的长条带状重力流沉积特征。     

吉林省桦甸市双杨树钼矿控矿条件浅析

桦甸双杨树钼矿成矿与印支—燕山期中—酸性岩浆岩岩体有关。燕山期多期次的岩浆岩侵入,为成矿提供了空间和矿液源。断裂带、侵位接触带为矿床提供了就位空间。矿体产于斑岩体和花岗闪长岩脉中,分析认为北北西向区域性基底断裂为控矿导矿构造,北北东向是后期形成的断裂为容矿构造;岩浆侵入作用和伴随的构造作用是双杨树钼矿形成的先决条件。在吉林中部地区北北东向的构造控矿类型较为普遍。