排序方式: 共有20条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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脑动脉钙化与脑动脉系统病变有密切联系。本文从矿物学角度出发,使用偏光显微镜(POM),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、显微红外光谱(micro-FTIR)、同步辐射微区X射线衍射(μ-SRXRD)以及同步辐射微区X射线荧光光谱(μ-SRXRF)对脑动脉粥样硬化斑块中的钙化样品进行了研究。结果表明,钙化主要有球状和块状两种集合体形态,球状钙化具有同心环状或同心放射状构造,直径约0.3~5μm;块状钙化中可见球状钙化被杂乱分布的柱状纳米晶体包裹。钙化主要矿物相为B型碳羟磷灰石(B-CHA),并含Na、Mg、Zn、Fe和Sr等元素,与主动脉钙化中的矿物组成类似。钙化在其形成初期呈分散的小球状,后期大量球体逐渐被CHA纳米晶体充填胶结形成了致密的块状钙化。 相似文献
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选取9例乳腺炎症、7例乳腺增生的钙化样品,利用光学显微镜(OM)、环境扫描电镜(ESEM)、微区X射线衍射(μ-XRD)等矿物学分析方法对样品进行了原位形貌观察、分离后结构及成分的测试分析,探讨了病灶中钙化的矿物学特征及其组成成分和形成机制。研究结果表明,发生在炎症病灶中的钙化主要类型是脂肪坏死后的钙化,其发生和死亡的脂肪细胞和周围病变后期修复性Ⅲ型胶原有直接关系。增生症中的钙化主要有发生在扩张的导管内和在束状深度交联胶原中的坏死型钙化,扩张的导管边缘处Ⅳ型胶原和大片变性Ⅲ型胶原为钙化提供了成核位点,继而参与无机矿物的形成过程,最后形成较为致密的钙化。乳腺炎症和增生症中的钙化的主要成分均为碳羟磷灰石。 相似文献
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Yu LIU Huanyan XU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):104-105
The sorption of aqueous cadmium on carbonate-hydroxyapatite (CHap) is a complicated non-homogeneous solid/water reaction, From kinetic point of view, it can be described by two stages: at the earlier stage, reaction rate is so fast that its kinetic course is intricate, and at the later stage, the rate of reaction becomes slow and the process of reaction accords with one order reaction kinetic equation. Experimental results show that the relationship between reaction rate constant kl and temperature T accords to Arrhenius Equation, and the activation energy of sorption (Ea) is 6.075 J/mol and frequency factor (A) is 220 s^-1. At the same time, reaction rate constant kl increases with decreasing Cd^2+ initial concentration, on the contrary, with increasing pH and CHap dosage. 相似文献
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SHI Hebin ZHONG Hong LIU Yu DENG Jinyang 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(3):517-522
This article reports a preliminary research on silicate-incorporated hydroxyapatite as a new environmental mineral used to remove cadmium ions from aqueous solutions. The silicate-incorporated hydroxyapatite was prepared by coprecipitation and calcining, and silicate was incorporated into the crystal lattice of hydroxyapatite by partial substitution of phosphate. The amount of cadmium ions removed by silicate-incorporated hydroxyapatite was significantly elevated, which was 76% higher than that of pure hydroxyapatite. But the sorption behavior of cadmium ions on silicate-incorporated hydroxyapatite was similar to that of pure hydroxyapatite. Morphological study revealed that silicate incorporation confined the crystal growth and increased the specific surface area of hydroxyapatite, which were in favor of enhancing the cadmium ion sorption capacity of the samples. Incorporation of silicate into hydroxyapatite seems to be an effective approach to improve the environmental property of hydroxyapatite on removal of aqueous cadmium ions. 相似文献
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通过固相法合成了一系列氯羟磷灰石(ClHAp)固溶体,经FTIR表征发现,纯羟基磷灰石(HAp)的羟基振动频率为3572cm-1和632cm-1。当Cl-进入HAp晶体结构后,在3494cm-1和673cm-1处各出现新的吸收谱带,说明在其通道结构中形成[Cl…HO]氢键,导致羟基的伸缩振动向低频偏移,弯曲振动向高频偏移。与氟羟磷灰石的FTIR谱比较可知:ClHAp的羟基振动谱带的位置与数量主要受氢键和周围结构环境变化程度影响。 相似文献
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心血管系统中主动脉粥样硬化斑块的钙化主要发生在动脉内膜,能够预测心血管系统疾病的风险性和死亡率,对钙化物的矿物组成及形成机制的分析有望为主动脉粥样硬化的发生发展过程提供辅助信息。本文以心血管主动脉粥样硬化斑块中的钙化物为研究对象,采用偏光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及X射线能谱仪、微区X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜以及傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等矿物学研究手段,对原位和分离的钙化物的矿物形态、成分、结构等进行了较为系统的观察测试。研究结果表明,主动脉粥样硬化斑块钙化物的主要成分为纳米尺寸的粒状、针状及柱状的B型碳羟磷灰石,并与低n(Ca)/n(P)的磷酸钙矿物共存。钙化初期是沉淀在胶原纤维上的低n(Ca)/n(P)磷酸钙矿物小球,在钙化发展过程中,胶原纤维随之钙化并不断富集,形成最终的块状钙化。 相似文献
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选取人体心脏瓣膜、动脉、甲状腺、卵巢和乳腺5大类典型病理性钙化共38例样品开展了系统的红外光谱表征,重点探讨了样品内碳羟磷灰石(CHA)中CO2-3含量及CO2-3的取代类型特征。研究发现,这5类典型病理性钙化产物均以碳羟磷灰石为主要物相,相同部位钙化物中的CO2-3含量基本保持一致,但不同部位钙化物中的CO2-3平均含量差别较明显,甲状腺、乳腺中CO2-3平均含量最低,为6.2%,相比CO2-3平均含量最高的心脏瓣膜,相差3.3%。5类样品含有的碳羟磷灰石均以B型取代(CO2-3取代PO3-4)为主,伴随有少量A型取代(CO2-3取代OH-),钙化物中的CO2-3含量与B/A取代比值的正向联系不明显。 相似文献
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