煤炭资源勘查误差理论研究

对煤炭资源勘查资源量与客观物质量之间差值的误差理论探讨,提出误差由真值误差、系统误差和离差3个基本部分组成,其中真值误差是不可消除的观测误差、系统误差是控制网度所决定的准确度标准、而离差是由地质构造及矿床形态的多解性产生的资源量波动。在此基础上,构筑了一个关于误差的数学模型,最后应用误差理论对现行勘查工作中常见的错误进行分析,并就如何避免错误及减少误差提出了见解。     

GPS单点测速的误差分析及精度评价 (英文)

Error sources which decrease the accuracy of GPS in absolute velocity determination have been changed since SA was turned off. Firstly, quantities of all kinds of error sources that influence velocity determination are analyzed. The potential accuracy of GPS absolute velocity determination is derived from both theory and field GPS data simulation. After that, two tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of GPS absolute velocity determination in the case of a static and an airborne GPS receiver and INS （Inertial Navigation System） instrument in kinematic mode. In static mode, the receiver velocity has been estimated to be several mm/s with the carrier-phase derived Doppler measurements, and several cm/s with the receiver generated Doppler measurements. In kinematic mode, GPS absolute velocity estimates are compared with the synchronized measurements from the high accuracy INS. The root mean square statistics of the velocity discrepancies between GPS and INS come up to dm/s. Moreover, it has a strong correlation with the acceleration or jerk of the aircraft.     

单道扫描电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定地质样品中的微量稀土元素

采用Na_2O_2熔融矿样,水提取,加三乙醇胺、EGTA做掩蔽剂。经氢型阳离子交换树脂交换分离富集稀土元素,由于选择了合适的仪器条件及测定波长,有效地消除了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定过程中的基体干扰和光谱干扰。应用于地质样品中的稀土元素分析,获得了满意的准确度、精密度及检出限。     

时频测控技术的发展

目前，在所有的物理量中时间与频率标准的物理实现具有最高的准确度和稳定度，它们的发展不但在计量技术中，而且在几乎整个高科技领域中起着十分重要的作用。这方面的发展一直受到发达国家的高度重视。根据近年来与国外同行的技术交流和了解的情况，对时频测控技术的发展和影响等作了介绍。     

亚甲蓝分光光度法测定水中阴离子表面活性剂的方法研究

离子表面活性剂是水环境污染控制的重要指标。目前的水环境监测中,测定水中LAS的含量最常用的是亚甲蓝分光光度法,本文根据该方法的测定原理,就如何快速、准确测定阴离子表面活性剂的含量进行研究,对检测水中阴离子表面活性剂的国标法做了优化,由标准规定的加入25 ml亚甲蓝及氯仿萃取五次优化为加入20ml亚甲蓝及氯仿萃取两次,并通过绘制标准曲线和测定样品中亚甲蓝活性物质的含量来验证优化方法的准确性。实验结果表明:优化方法能够显著提高分析的快速性,且平行测定重现性较好,具有良好的实验精度。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤中34种主、次痕量元素

采用粉末样品压片制样,水系沉积物及土壤国家一级标准物质作为标准,使用经验系数法和散射线内标法校正元素间的吸收增强效应,用X射线光谱仪对土壤样品中的Fe_2O_3、Cao、Cl、S、As、Ba、Br、Ce、Co、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn等34种主次痕量元素进行测定,用国家一级标准物质GBW07452(GSS-23),GBW07405(GSS-5)和GBW07404(GSS-4)分析检验准确度和精密度,分析结果与标样标准值吻合,除Cl、S、As、Br、Ce、Co、Ni、Th、Sc、Hf、Nb、Nd的精密度小于10.00%以外,其他各元素精密度均在5.00%以内,各元素检出限均满足化探要求。     

湿球温度表润湿系统污染对测湿准确度的影响及其对策

应用有关物理和化学理论，阐述湿球温度表润湿系统（指水杯、湿球用水及纱布、球的表面、扎线等统称为润湿系统），污染的途径，对测湿影响进行了定性（理论上）和定量（实验上）分析，提出减轻影响的科学方法。     

水体中硫化物测定方法探讨

通过对测定硫化物标准曲线的质量保证及不同污染程度水样的前处理方法的探讨,得出硫化物标准溶液需现用现配及针对污染程度不同的水样分别采取直接测定、抽滤测定和酸化-吹气法测定的结论.     

DCW－01型流动VLBI系统的构成及其观测前的系统检测与调试

本文介绍了DCW－01型流动VLBI系统的构成及其各部分的作用，论述了观测前对该系统所进行的主要检测与调试方法，为今后系统的管理与维护工作提供参考。     

Implementation of the Semi-Lagrangian Advection Scheme on a Quasi-Uniform Overset Grid on a Sphere

The semi-Lagrangian advection scheme is implemented on a new quasi-uniform overset （Yin-Yang） grid on the sphere. The Yin-Yang grid is a newly developed grid system in spherical geometry with two perpendicularly-oriented latitude-longitude grid components （called Yin and Yang respectively） that overlapp each other, and this effectively avoids the coordinate singularity and the grid convergence near the poles. In this overset grid, the way of transferring data between the Yin and Yang components is the key to maintaining the accuracy and robustness in numerical solutions. A numerical interpolation for boundary data exchange, which maintains the accuracy of the original advection scheme and is computationally efficient, is given in this paper. A standard test of the solid-body advection proposed by Williamson is carried out on the Yin-Yang grid. Numerical results show that the quasi-uniform Yin-Yang grid can get around the problems near the poles, and the numerical accuracy in the original semi-Lagrangian scheme is effectively maintained in the Yin-Yang grid.