中国陆地生态系统净初级生产力时空特征模拟

In this paper,we use CEVSA,a process-based model,which has been validated on regional and global scales,to explore the temporal and spatial patterns of Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and its responses to interannual Climate fluctuations in China‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘s terrestrial ecosystems over the period 1981-1998,The estimated results suggest that ,in this study period,the averaged annual total NPP is about 3.09 Gt C/yr^-1 and average NPP is about 342 g C/m^2,The results also showed that the precipitaion was the key factor determining the spsatial distribution and temporal trends of NPP. Temporally,the total NPP exhibited a slowly increasing trend.In some ENSO years( e.g.1982,1986,1997)NPP decreased clearly compared to the previous year,but the relationship between ENSO and NPP is decreased clearly compared to the previous year,but the relationship between ENSO and NPP is complex due to the integrated effects of monsoons and regional differentiation. Spatially,the relatively high NPP occurred at the middle high latitudes,the low latitudes and the lower appeared at the middle latitudes,On national scale,precipitaion is the key conntro factor on NPP variations and there exists a weak correlation between NP and temperature ,but regional responses are greatly different.     

A comparison between simulated and measured CO_2 and water flux in a subtropical coniferous forest

Using data from eddy covariance measurements in a subtropical coniferous forest, a test and evaluation have been made for the model of Carbon Exchange in the Vegetation-Soil-Atmosphere (CEVSA) that simulates energy transfers and water, carbon and nitrogen cycles based on ecophysiological processes. In the present study, improvement was made in the model in calculating LAI, carbon allocation among plant organs, litter fall, decomposition and evapotranspiration. The simulated seasonal variations in carbon and water vapor flux were consistent with the measurements. The model explained 90% and 86% of the measured variations in evapotranspiration and soil water content. However, the modeled evapotranspiration and soil water content were lower than the measured systematically, because the model assumed that water was lost as runoff if it was beyond the soil saturation water content, but the soil at the flux site with abundant rainfall is often above water saturated. The improved model reproduced 79% and 88% of the measured variations in gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Re), but only 31% of the variations in measured net ecosystem exchange (NEP) despite the fact that the modeled annual NEP was close to the observation. The modeled NEP was generally lower in winter and higher in summer than the observations. The simulated responses of photosynthesis and respiration to water vapor deficit at high temperatures were different from measurements. The results suggested that the improved model underestimated ecosystem photosynthesis and respiration in extremely condition. The present study shows that CEVSA can simulate the seasonal pattern and magnitude of CO2 and water vapor fluxes, but further improvement in simulating photosynthesis and respiration at extreme temperatures and water deficit is required.     

2000—2014年青藏高原植被净初级生产力时空变化及对气候变化的响应

青藏高原是全球气候变化最敏感的地区之一。计算青藏高原生态系统净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity, NPP)对精确估算全球碳循环具有重要意义。基于CEVSA模型，利用M-K趋势检验法、Sen’s斜率估计法及Pearson相关系数法，分析了2000—2014年青藏高原生态系统的净初级生产力时空变化特征。结果表明：（1） 青藏高原高寒生态系统净初级生产力在空间分布上表现出由东南向西北减小的趋势，在东部及东南部的森林区NPP在600~1 200 gC·m^-2·a^-1之间，中部草原和草甸区NPP在200~400 gC·m^-2·a^-1之间，西部和北部荒漠区，受水热条件的限制NPP很小，该趋势与水热分布趋势基本一致。（2） NPP年际变化与多年平均气温呈正相关，与降水量呈负相关。NPP与气温呈正相关的地区面积占研究区总面积的82.24%，与降水量呈负相关的地区面积占49.31%，表明气温是影响植被NPP空间分布的主要因子。（3） 近15 a来，青藏高原 NPP整体呈增加趋势，与气温趋势变化一致，降水量表现出微弱的减少趋势，气温的增加伴随降水量的减少是青藏高原NPP缓慢增加的主要原因。因此，准确描述NPP对气候变化响应的能力将使我们能够深入理解陆地生态系统应对全球变化做出的反应。