Smectite formation in metalliferous sediments near the East Pacific Rise at 13°N

A 43 cm long E271 sediment core collected near the East Pacific Rise(EPR) at 13°N were studied to investigate the origin of smectite for understanding better the geochemical behavior of hydrothermal material after deposition.E271 sediments are typical metalliferous sediments. After removal of organic matter, carbonate, biogenic opal,and Fe-Mn oxide by a series of chemical procedures, clay minerals(2 μm) were investigated by X-ray diffraction,chemical analysis and Si isotope analysis. Due to the influence of seafloor hydrothermal activity and close to continent, the sources of clay minerals are complex. Illite, chlorite and kaolinite are suggested to be transported from either North or Central America by rivers or winds, but smectite is authigenic. It is enriched in iron, and its contents are highest in clay minerals. Data show that smectite is most likely formed by the reaction of hydrothermal Fe-oxyhydroxide with silica and seawater in metalliferous sediments. The Si that participates in this reaction may be derived from siliceous microfossils(diatoms or radiolarians), hydrothermal fluids, or detrital mineral phases. And their δ30 Si values are higher than those of authigenic smectites, which implies that a Si isotope fractionation occurs during the formation because of the selective absorption of light Si isotopes onto Feoxyhydroxides. Sm/Fe mass ratios(a proxy for overall REE/Fe ratio) in E271 clay minerals are lower than those in metalliferous sediments, as well as distal hydrothermal plume particles and terrigenous clay minerals. This result suggests that some REE are lost during the smectite formation, perhaps because their large ionic radii of REE scavenged by Fe-oxyhydroxides preclude substitution in either tetrahedral or octahedral lattice sites of this mineral structure, which decreases the value of metalliferous sediments as a potential resource for REE.     

中国古生教授学会微体古生物学分会举行代表大会和学术年会

中国古生教授学会微体古生物学分会举行代表大会和学术年会中国古竽物学会微体古物学分会第五次会员代表大分暨第六次不术年会于１９９６年１月２４日到３０日在福州市召开。来自全国地质、石油、煤炭的和产、科研和大学的１００多位代表参加了这次大会和学术研讨。大会共...     

测定天琴RR变星金属丰度的方法

银晕中天琴RR变星金属丰度的测定对于研究银河系晕的形成和演化具有重要的意义．在当前的技术条件下,高分辨光谱的方法难以测量银晕中较暗的天琴RR变星的金属丰度．高分辨光谱测定金属丰度的方法对恒星大气模型的依赖性较高,而恒星脉动引起的复杂大气状况对于建立正确的大气模型本身就是挑战．△S光谱方法、Caby测光方法和光变曲线的参数方法则弥补了高分辨光谱方法的不足,将能测量更远距离上的天琴RR变星的金属丰度．着重介绍了这3种方法发展的历史、具体的观测流程以及需要注意的问题。通过比较这3种方法的优劣,为实际观测时方法的选用提供借鉴。     

关于气象商品市场价格若干问题的研究

从气象服务市场的实际出发，借鉴微观经济学的有关理论，讨论研究了气象商品市场价格及其变动因素、形成机制，并开拓性地提出了气象商品的定价原则与方法。     

对按孔段综合递减系数制定钻探预算定额的思考

在地勘行业,钻探预算定额模式大多是采用按不同孔深不同孔段以一个综合递减系数来制定。此种方法,固然有其理论依据及合理性。然而,笔者在实际工作中,通过大量的钻探勘探统计资料发现:台月效率的高低是与一定的孔深有关系,并随着钻孔的加深而下降,但并非呈直线匀速下降;孔     

上海金饰品价格近日上调 专家预测未来金价有望继续走高

近日，本市金饰企业再度上调金饰品价格，足金饰品零售基准价从原来的143元／克上调为145元／克，各企业在此基础上还可以上下浮动3％，也即最高可达149元／克；铂金饰品基准价也上调2～4元／克。     

试谈现行征地安置的缺陷及未来改革设想

城市化是指在人类社会分工的发展过程中,伴随着工业化进程而出现的非农产业及其人口从农业中分离出来,逐渐集聚到城市,从而使城市在国民经济中的比重日益增大,城市人口迅速增长、城市地域范围显著扩张和城市物质     

聚焦节约

贠小苏：用价格杠杆促进资源节约；农业生产也要转变观念；节约不能顾此失彼；资源节约看“金木水火土”；节省能源从小做起法国风行“步行巴士”……     

铀矿—2000

2000年的世界铀矿业以铀产量增加和铀价下跌展现在世界铀市场上。虽然铀的军民两用性是世界铀生产持续的重要动力，然而，近20年来，全球铀供过于求的现实仍是铀价长期疲软的主要原因。2000年的世界铀矿业，既没有新的铀矿山投产上马，也没有在铀矿勘查中有新的重大发现。虽然低成本的地浸砂岩铀矿倍受世界铀矿业界的青睐，但是2000年的矿山铀产量还是主要来自地下常规采矿。世界铀矿业正承受着核电铀需求不旺以及铀来源日趋多样化的双重压力。漫长的铀矿业的“冬天”还会持续多久？人们翘首以待铀矿业的“春天”早日来临。