钱塘江江心排污的数值模拟

从立面二维非恒定流体动力学方程出发,应用κ-ε湍流模式计算流场,再用准三维的浓度对流-扩散方程,即考虑了侧向扩散的立面二维浓度控制方程,模拟了钱塘江江心6个竖管排污在潮流作用下近区浓度场,其结果和实际观测值基本吻合。     

Purification and characterization of a new thermostable κ-carrageenase from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. QY203

A new extracellular κ-carrageenase, namely CgkP, 34.0 kDa in molecular weight, was purified from Pseudoalteromonas sp. QY203. CgkP showed relatively high activity at acidities ranging from pH6.0 to pH9.0 and temperatures ranging from 30℃ to 50℃ with the highest activity at 45℃ and pH7.2. Sodium chloride increased its activity markedly, and KCl increased its activity slightly. The divalent and trivalent metal ions including Cu2+ , Ni2+ , Zn2+ , Mn2+ , Al3+ and Fe3+ significantly inhibited its activity, while Mg2+ did not. CgkP remained 70% of original activity after being incubated at 40℃ for 48 h, and remained 80% of the activity after being incubated at 45℃ for 1 h. It exhibited endo-κ-carrageenase activity, mainly depolymerizing the κ-carrageenan into disaccharide and tetrasaccharide. CgkP was more thermostable than most of previously reported κ-carrageenases with a potential of being used in industry.     

Crustal structure beneath the Hi-CLIMB seismic array in the central-western Tibetan Plateau from the improved H-κ-c method

The Hi-CLIMB seismic array is located in the central-western Tibetan Plateau. The H-κ-c method (Li JT et al., 2019) was applied to receiver function data on the HiCLIMB, which corrects the back-azimuthal variations in the arrival times of Ps and crustal multiples caused by crustal anisotropy and dipping interfaces before performing H-κstacking. Compared to the traditional H-κ method, the H-κstacking results after harmonic corrections showed considerable improvements, including greatly reduced errors, significantly less scattered H (crustal thickness) and κ (crustal vP/vS ratio) values, and clearer patterns of H and κ in different Tibetan blocks. This demonstrates that the H-κ-c method works well even for regions with complex crustal structures, such as the Tibetan Plateau, when there are helpful references from nearby stations or other constraints. The variation in crustal thickness agrees with previous studies but tends to be relatively shallower beneath most of the plateau. Two regions with particularly high crustal vP/vS were observed, namely, one in the northern Himalaya block and beneath the YarlungZangbo suture, and the other in the Qiangtang block. Their correlation with mid-crust low S velocities from previous studies suggests the possible presence of fluid or partial melt in the two regions, which may have implications for the crustal flow model. In contrast, the Lhasa block had relatively lower crustal vP/vS and relatively higher crustal S velocity within the plateau, which is interpreted to be mechanically stronger than the Himalaya and Qiangtang blocks, and without mid-crust partial melt.