赤潮异弯藻抗体的制备及酶联免疫检测方法的建立

赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)是一种广泛分布于世界近岸海域的有害针胞藻类(Raphidophyte),也是我国近海常见的赤潮生物,曾经有多次引发赤潮的报道[1,2].在赤潮发生的早期,自然水体中赤潮生物的细胞密度相对较低,且赤潮藻个体微小,传统的鉴定方法,即海水样品采集后利用光学显微镜直接观察,主要用于藻的定性和分离,当样品量较多时,定量计数过程则烦琐、费时、费力,工作量大.     

口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)同工酶的组织特异性及生化遗传分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法，研究分析了口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)肌肉、眼球、腹鳃、心脏和肝胰腺5种器官或组织中LDH、ADH、MDH、SDH、MEP、POD、AMY、GDH、SCD、EST、GLDH和SOD共12种同工酶的表达情况。结果表明，口虾蛄同工酶的表达具有明显的组织特异性。对12种同工酶进行生化遗传分析，获得了基本酶谱。12种同工酶共记录出35个基因座位，其中11个基因座位Ldh-3、Adh-1、Sdh-2、Est-1、Est-2、Est-3、Mdh、Mep-7、Gldh-1、Gldh-2和Scd-1为多态，其多态座位比例为31.43％。     

西施舌同工酶组织特异性研究

采用不连续垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对西施舌5种组织(肝胰脏、鳃、后闭壳肌、外套膜和足)的酯酶(EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)同工酶进行了研究。同工酶图谱显示:西施舌上述组织的3种同工酶具有一定的组织特异性。其中,肝和鳃组织EST酶活性较高,闭壳肌MDH酶活性最高,而肝组织SOD酶活性略高,上述组织是进行同工酶分析的理想材料。     

大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pectinirostris) Gal-8L基因序列及其细菌凝集活性的鉴定

半乳糖凝集素-8基因(galectin-8,Gal-8)属于凝集素家族一员。已知Gal-8在哺乳动物的先天免疫中发挥重要作用,然而在鱼类中却鲜有报道。本研究通过转录组测序获得大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pectinirostris)半乳糖凝集素-8样基因(galectin-8 like,Bp Gal-8L)c DNA序列。首先确定其序列特征,其次采用实时定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR,q PCR)的方法鉴定Bp Gal-8L组织表达分布及其与迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)感染相关性;最后分别通过原核表达获得N端和C端CRD区重组蛋白Bp Gal-8L-N和Bp Gal-8L-C,并采用玻片法观察这两个CRD区的细菌凝集活性和糖类结合特性。多重序列比对显示,Bp Gal-8L蛋白含有两个糖识别结构域(carbohydrate recognition domain,CRD),但只有C端的CRD区存在Gal家族典型的β-半乳糖苷糖类结合基序。系统进化树表明Bp Gal-8L属于鱼类Gal-8的一种亚型。q PCR结果显示,Bp Gal-8L基因m RNA在各组织中普遍表达,并且在迟缓爱德华氏菌感染后大弹涂鱼肝和脾中表达量呈上调趋势。细菌凝集实验结果显示,只有Bp Gal-8L-C重组蛋白对检测的5种革兰氏阴性菌及2种革兰氏阳性菌有凝集作用,并与乳糖和脂多糖特异性结合。综上所述,Bp Gal-8L与大弹涂鱼抗菌免疫密切相关,且其N端和C端CRD区发挥不同作用。     

Clupeid fish hosts a Peniculus sp.(Pennellidae,Siphonostomatoida, Copepoda)—First report on new host and season dependent prevalence

Pennellid copepod Peniculus fistula fistula(Nordmann, 1832)(Synonym: Peniculus fistula Nordmann, 1832,Aphia ID: 745880), a worldwide distributed species, has been recovered from at least 19 teleost families. The present paper reports for the first time from the Malabar coast(South India), not only the existence of a new host family, Clupeidae, hosting this parasitic copepod species(P. fistula fistula) but also their season dependent hosting. A total of 123 marine fish species, belonging to 77 genera and 38 families surveyed along the Malabar coast, only the clupeid, Anadontostoma chacunda(Hamilton, 1822) was shown to be infected by this copepod species; all the recovered(copepod) parasites were invariably found attached at the mid portion of the caudal fin lobes and lying parallel to the host body, indicating the strict site-specific parasitisation. There is a discrete seasonality in the prevalence(P0.05) as the sign of infection was noticed during the period from September to May with relatively high prevalence during winter months(November–January). During the monsoon months(June–August), the host fish was found completely free from Peniculus infection. Interestingly, all the 229 recovered specimens(P. fistula fistula) were gravid females having paired uniserrate egg sacs with the length more than its own body length.     

二色裂江珧EST和SOD同工酶组织特异性研究

取二色裂江珧 (Pinna bicolor)的消化盲囊、肾脏、后闭壳肌肌肉、外套膜和鳃等 5种组织 ,用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对酯酶 (EST)和过氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)同工酶在上述组织中的表达和分布进行了比较研究 ,并对酶谱表型及位点表达进行了分析。结果表明 ,二色裂江珧组织内的 EST和 SOD存在不同程度的组织特异性 ,EST共检测出 15条酶带 ,SOD检测出 8条酶带 ,且两种同工酶在消化盲囊中活性最高。推测 SOD由 2个座位编码 ,可分为 s- SOD二聚体和 m- SOD四聚体     

军曹鱼不同组织5种同工酶的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直凝胶电泳法对军曹鱼的几种组织 (脑、心肌、肾、肌肉、性腺、肝、血液、胰、脾 )的 5种同工酶 (LDH、MDH、ME、POD和EST)进行了分析 ,结果表明 :5种同工酶在军曹鱼中都具有明显的组织特异性 ,这些特异性与其组织特定生理功能相关。与其他硬骨鱼类相比 ,军曹鱼的酶谱简单得多 ,这可能与其种属多样性相关。     

Morphological and Phylogenetic Studies of a Copepod Species,Irodes parupenei Ho and Lin (2007), Infecting Parupeneus rubescens in Saudi Arabia

Dammam City is one of the gorgeous coastal areas in the Arabian Gulf of Saudi Arabia.The present study aimed to ex-amine one of the copepod species infecting the rosy goatfish that represents a highly consumed fish species by the local population in the Arabian Gulf.The copepod species isolated from the infected fish specimens belong to the family Taeniacanthidae and was iden-tified as Irodes parupenei Ho and Lin(2007),primarily based on its morphological,morphometric,and ultrastructural characteris-tics,especially the structures of the dorsal cephalic area,segmentation of the first antenna,the absence of the maxilliped claw in the fe-male specimens,and the setation and spinulation of the legs 2-4 for the adult females are of great significance in the taxonomic iden-tification.The 18S rRNA gene sequence was analyzed to ensure the precise identity and exact taxonomic status of the copepod species.The result showed that this copepod species belong to Taenicanthidae and closely related to Irodes sauridi(gb|JF781550.1)in the same taxon.More details on the specificity of the goatfish for Irodes species and identifying these parasitic taxa using molecular analysis are given in the present study.     

铁还原地下水环境中微生物降解苯和甲苯的碳源 专一性分析

文中研究在粒状铁化学还原三氯乙烯渗透反应格栅和生物降解苯和甲苯渗透反应格栅的联合格栅技术中,下游生物降解格栅中铁还原环境下微生物对苯和甲苯的生物降解。通过模拟粒状铁渗透反应格栅下游铁还原环境,主要研究微生物以苯、甲苯作为碳源时,对碳源的专一性。通过批实验发现,对于分别用苯和甲苯培养驯化的微生物,互换碳源后,微生物对2 000.00μg/L苯和甲苯的生物降解半衰期分别由之前的1.0和1.5 d减少到0.7和1.0 d,互换碳源后苯和甲苯的去除率分别增加38%和32%。在粒状铁渗透反应格栅下游生物降解渗透反应格栅中,微生物在铁还原环境下以苯、甲苯作为碳源时对碳源没有专一性,苯和甲苯可以同时被生物降解去除。     

辽宁西丰大岩体的解体及其地质意义

西丰大岩体在辽宁省地质上占有十分显赫的位置,一方面它出露面积巨大,另一方面与其相关的矿产比较丰富.西丰大岩体未解体之前是辽宁省最大的岩体之一,位于辽宁省的东北角,南起清河,向北延至吉林省,在辽宁省境内出露面积逾2500km2.与其相关的矿产有铁矿、铜矿、铅锌金银钼多金属矿及萤石矿.根据构造-岩浆演化期次原则,按岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素年代学、岩体间的接触关系及岩体与地层的接触关系等,将西丰大岩体(辽宁省部分)进行了详细解体,重新归并成早二叠世、早三叠世、中侏罗世和晚白垩世4个侵入期次.其中早二叠世有3个侵入序次、早三叠世1个侵入序次、中侏罗世3个侵入序次、晚白垩世4个侵入序次,共划分为11个侵入序次.在此基础上对岩性的成矿专属性、矿床成因类型和成矿时限进行了专门研究.