Multi-bioindicator study of a small estuary in Vendée (France)

Surficial sediment (about 5 mm) was scraped off in 15 stations selected in the Vie Estuary, a small estuary on the French Atlantic coast. The samples, prepared using the suitable methods, were used for comparing the behaviour of periphytic algae, sporopollinic and other palynologic material, ostracoda and foraminifera for proposing a synthetic evaluation of the information provided by each of them. Dinoflagellate cysts, which are found in an almost monospecific assemblage in low-salinity water, are dispersed by tidal currents, but the location of tintinnids in only the lower reaches shows a limited inward transport. Sporopollinic material is clearly related to the adjacent vegetation, indicating a local origin, and then little influence of transport on the microbenthos, even if fragments of freshwater crustaceans and of Pediastrum alga are found down to the mouth in the sporopollinic deposits. This limited transport of microbenthos allows the use of periphytic algae, benthic ostracoda and benthic foraminifera as indicators of local environmental conditions. It was then possible to determine the extent of marine influence in the estuary, to discriminate between the main channel and adjacent basins, and between different stages of evolution of the basins, from a recently dug basin to a eutrophicated one.     

Mid-Holocene evolution and paleoenvironments of the shoreface–offshore transition, north-eastern Argentina: New evidence based on benthic microfauna

A sedimentary record spanning 5792–5511 cal yr BP and 3188–2854 cal yr BP was recovered at 36° 45′ 43″ S–56 ° 37′ 13″ W, south-west South Atlantic. The sedimentological features and micropaleontological (benthic foraminifera and ostracoda) content were analyzed in order to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions. Considerable environmental fluctuations are indicated by all these proxies. Five different stages were distinguished: Stage 1 (ca. 5800–5000 cal yr BP) consists of muddy sand with abundant microfossils. In this interval, species typical for inner marine shelf environments maintained a high abundance. Stage 2 consists of plastic light greenish grey clays barren of microfossils, and probably represents fluvial input from the de la Plata River to the shelf contemporaneous of a lowering of sea level. Stage 3 is composed of brownish yellow sandy silts, and represents increasing marine conditions in the area as reflected by higher faunal diversity and typical foraminifera of inner shelf environments. Stage 4 is made of homogeneous mud, barren of microfossil, which represents a new pulse of fluvial input to the shelf in consequence of a new fall in sea level. The final part of the core (Stage 5) is a coarsening upward sequence, grading from greeny brown clayey sandy silts to coarse shelly sands and represents the modern sedimentation in the area. This interpretation strengthens the stepped model of late-Holocene sea-level fall between 5511–5792 cal yr BP and 2854–3188 cal yr BP in Buenos Aires coast, and agrees with the relative sea-level history previously proposed by some authors from western South Atlantic coasts.     

湖相介形类壳体微量元素在古环境重建中的应用

湖相介形类壳体微量元素(本文主要指Mg和Sr)是重建古环境的重要指标之一,可以定性或定量地反映湖水信息。自20世纪80年开始应用以来,经过30余年的发展取得了很大进展。在古环境重建过程中主要存在两类影响因素:(1)其宿生水体中M/Ca比值(M主要指Mg和Sr)的影响因素:季节变化、微环境差异和湖泊演化过程,这类因素通过对宿生水体中M/Ca比值来影响介形虫壳体中的M/Ca比值,进而造成古环境重建结果的误差增大或可靠性降低;(2)介形类壳体微量元素分配系数的影响因素:宿生水体中M/Ca比值、温度、碱度等,这类因素能够直接影响介形类壳体分泌、钙化的生命-化学过程的因素,是定量重建的重要影响因素。加强现代介形类生活习性和微量元素组成变化过程的研究可以消除或减小以上影响因素对古环境重建的影响,提高介形类壳体化石中微量元素组成在古环境重建研究中的精度和可靠性。     

青藏高原中部岩石圈结构及地球动力学的天然地震学研究

青藏高原中部岩石圈结构及地球动力学的天然地震学研究研究生吕庆田导师管志宁（应用地球物理系北京１０００８３）青藏高原的隆升和地壳缩短被普遍认为是印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞的结果,然而对隆升和地壳缩短的机制和动力学过程仍不清楚。已提出的动力学模式可分为３类：...     

中国近海浮游介形类大尺度生态研究Ⅱ.浮游介形类与水系的相关研究

中国近海均不同程度地受控于黑潮,此外,对马暖流、黄海暖流、黄海混合水、台湾暖流、粤东沿岸流、闽渐沿岸流、南海暖流以及大陆径流也是左右海洋环境变异的主要因素,尽管后者各流系的影响往往表现出明显的区域性质,但其影响力有时是强大的,并成为介形类分布的主要制约因素。本文着重阐明相关性明确的夏、冬两季各流系对浮游介形类的调控作用。     

松辽盆地中部含油组层序地层格架及介形类特征的响应

综合利用地震、测井、录井、岩心及分析资料,采用层序地层学、古生物学分析方法建立了松辽盆地中部含油组合层序地层格架,查明了介形类演化对层序地层格架的响应。松辽盆地中部含油组合相当于青山口组二三段、姚家组和嫩江组一段地层,由6个三级层序构成,青山口组二三段相当于3个三级层序,姚家组一段、二三段和嫩江组一段分别相当于1个三级层序。不同层序及不同体系域介形类的特征具有明显的响应特征。     

东濮凹陷古近系沙三段、沙四段介形类生物地层及界线

根据十余口探井微体古生物分析结果和对多年来积累的大量微体古生物分析资料的复查 ,将东濮凹陷古近系沙河街三段 (ES3)和四段 (ES4 )的介形类化石群自下而上分为 3个组合和 3个亚组合 :Cyprinotus igneus组合 ,分布于沙四段下亚段 ;Cyprinotus altilis- Cyprinotus jiyangensis组合 ,分布于沙四段上亚段 ;H uabeinia sinensis组合 ,分布于沙三段 ,其中 H uabeinia obscura- H uabeinia costatispinata亚组合分布于沙三段下亚段 ,H uabeiniasinensis- Candona binxianensis亚组合分布于沙三段中亚段 ,H uabeinia huidongensis- Cyprinotus dongmingensis亚组合分布于沙三段上亚段。各化石组合特征比较清楚 ,为东濮凹陷沙三段、沙四段的划分以及与渤海沿岸盆地的对比提供了依据。虽然东濮凹陷缺少渤海沿岸盆地沙四段顶界的标志性化石 Austrocypris,但该区沙三段、沙四段介形类化石组合整体面貌与整个渤海沿岸盆地相比仍然具有可对比性 ,从介形类化石组合方面来确定本区沙三段、沙四段的界线仍然是可行的     

西藏南部吉隆盆地晚中新世-早更新世介形类群落研究

本文在西藏南部吉隆盆地新生代沉积中获得丰富的介形类化石,根据介形类动物群在地层剖面上的分布规律,建立了8个介形类群落,自下而上为:Leucocytherella trinoda-Ilyocypris群落;Ilyocypris pentanada-Leucocytherella hyalina群落;Candoniella zadaensis-Leucocytherella群落;Eucypris subgyrongensis-Candoniella zadaensis群落;Leucocytherella-Cadoniella zadaensis群落;Leucocythere mirabilis-Leucocytherella hyalina群落;Leucocythere mirabilis-Leucocytherella glabra群落和Leucocythere mirabilis-Leucocytherella trinoda群落。通过对介形类群落进行详细的特征分析,并结合磁性地层年代学数据,将吉隆盆地7.2～1.67Ma的古气候划分为5个期次:①7.2～6.7Ma为暖湿期;②6.7～5.8Ma为凉湿期;③5.8～3.6Ma为暖湿期;④3.6～2.6Ma为凉湿期;⑤2.6～1.67Ma为冷干期。将研究区的7.2Ma以来的气候演化特征与全球气候演变对比认为:吉隆盆地7.2～5.8Ma间的气候以暖湿为主,可能与来自印度的东南季风加强有关;5.8～3.6Ma间吉隆盆地古气候分析显示为相对暖湿期,可能与来自印度洋的东南季风再次加强有关;3.6Ma后,由于是受全球气候变冷、冬季风加强及青藏高原强烈隆升的影响,吉隆盆地气候向更寒冷干旱的环境转变。     

渤海和黄海北部潮间带底质中的介形虫

间带不同性质的底质中 ,介形虫动物群的特征和生态分布各不相同。在岩石滩和沙滩中介形虫较丰富、多样 ,前者具有 Xestoleberishanaii,Cythere lutea lutea,Loxoconcha hattorii,Aurila cymba等 ,而后者有 Sinocytheridea impressa,Pistocythereis bradyformis,Bicornucytherebisanensis,Cushmanidea subjaponica等。泥质滩中介形虫通常很少 ,有 Loxoconcha binhaiensis和L.ocellata等。受高潮和中潮影响的河口区 ,通常介形虫丰度和多样性的分布较低 ,都是适应环境变化很强的属种 ,并具有海、陆相介形虫分布的混合区段。朝向海洋方向 ,非海相介形虫的百分含量呈逐渐降低变化 ,而海相介形虫正好相反。     

渤海西岸五号桩介形虫壳体地球化学标型特征研究

本文用电子探针分析了渤海地区一深120m钻孔中15个介形虫壳体的化学组成。结果表明,地层中介形虫的壳体成分主要为CaO(含量50.16—54.60％),其次为SrO、K_2O、NaO、SiO_2、MgO、Al_2O_3、FeO和MnO。在不同层位中,介形虫壳体成分的变化,反映了不同的沉积相。全新世介形虫壳体的化学成分与晚更新世介形虫壳体的化学成分相比较,除CaO降低外,其它化学成分增高。