中国地震紧急救援理论研究

如何满足国家和社会对地震应急的需求,进一步发展我国的地震应急工作,是地震界面临的课题。根据目前地震应急的现状,提出了以下2个有关地震应急理论的创新点:地震速报的基本模式,新闻媒体传播地震消息模式,地震应急预案启动模式,地震考察地区性差异,地震灾害死伤的基础数据模式,地震应急期分期模式,地震应急期救援真空模式,地震应急期黑箱、灰箱、白箱模式,地震救援队伍的后勤模式,国外地震救援队到中国参加救援法规模式,地震受灾体分类模式,新建和加固农村公共建筑提高一度模式。并且给予了论述。     

西昌发射场及川西南地区闪电气候研究

通过对西昌发射场及川西南地区１９９９４年至１９９８年的交汇云地闪探测资料进行详细分析,得出了该地区闪电强度和回击数的气候概率分布,闪电的日变化、年变化和「空间分布的气候规律,并将所得结果与我国京津冀地区的闪电气候特征进行了对比分析。结果表明,闪电的气候特征可以揭示特定地区对流活动的空分布的气候规律。     

Handling and launching of heavy concrete caissons in a marine environment

Handling of heavy structures demand unusual crane capacity. Availability of such cranes may be limited in developing countries. An innovative way to construct and launch heavy concrete structures in a developing country, where crane availability is rare, to lift, transport and handle heavy structures, is discussed in this paper. Heavy caissons are used in the marine environment as breakwaters, as berthing facilities for vessels, as gravity structures to absorb energy from waves, etc. The methodology for constructing multi-caissons on-board a barge and then on-board a floating dock is the subject of this paper. The respective feasibilities are discussed.The free floating condition of the caisson and its righting arm stability are described. At first the caisson was considered as its lip wall opened to the sea. The case of lip wall closed for more buoyancy is also considered. The stability of the barge and floating docks is shown for various stages of completion of construction. After investigating many factors, a safe procedure for construction and launching thereafter is described in this paper. The problem of handling a heavy concrete structure from the view point of a naval architect is highlighted.     

Parametric study on offshore jacket launching

Platform structures are commonly utilized for various purposes including offshore drilling, processing and support of offshore operations. Jacket type structures are attractive in relatively shallow water regions. A jacket is a supporting structure for deck facilities stabilized by leg piles through the seabed. The size of a jacket is dependent on deck size, pile dimensions and environmental loads. In a jacket design, operational and environmental loads are very important and must be investigated intensively to secure the stability of structures during their operation life, and installation phase as well. To confirm the stability, several analyses including in-place, fatigue, dynamic, load-out, transportation, lifting, and launching are performed. As the jacket weight and dimensions become large, a launching technique is applied to install the jacket. The launching analysis needs to consider quite a number of parameters including environmental conditions, launch barge specification, ballast, trim angle, local member integrity, etc. Due to the complexity of the operation, there is not a straightforward guideline or procedure for analysis. In this paper, a general procedure for analysis with various conditions and launching criteria are discussed and investigated. The effects of parameters are closely examined by numerical modeling.