敦煌-格尔木铁路沿线风动力环境特征

敦煌-格尔木铁路沿线地形复杂、起沙因素多变、沙源丰富，沙害问题日益严重。目前对其风沙活动规律还未有研究，不利于防沙工作的开展。为此，通过对自北向南的5个观测点（S1、S2、S3、S4、S5）风速和风向的观测、计算和分析，利用平均风速、起沙风况及输沙势对敦格铁路沿线的风动力环境特征进行研究。结果表明：S5、S4和S3的风况对铁路风沙灾害防治意义较大。S5年平均风速、起沙风频率和输沙势最大，春季风沙活动最为强烈，且风向单一、风力强劲，风沙运动方向基本与铁路垂直，沙粒易在铁路附近堆积。S4夏季风沙活动最为强烈；S3春季风沙活动最为强烈，且风向单一，S4和S3的风沙运动方向与铁路夹角小于90°，附近沙源广阔，铁路易受风沙侵蚀，阻碍交通运营。     

一种有发展前景的隧道及井巷超前预报技术——电磁导弹探测技术

对于隧道和煤矿井巷的安全掘进 ,超前预报显得特别重要。但由于掌子面前的特殊环境限制及多种干扰的严重影响 ,给隧道及井巷超前预报技术的研究带来许多困难。在瞬变电磁理论的基础上 ,引入新的电磁传播理论———电磁导弹技术 ,作为对该技术的初步探索 ,文章论证了该技术在隧道超前预报中应用的可能性 ,并提出了研究的主要内容和发展方向以及可能取得的新的技术突破和技术支撑     

FEASIBLE STUDY ON THE INTEGRATION SYSTEM FOR THE SPACE MONITORING OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES IN TERRESTRIAL LAND

With the rapid development of space technology, earth observation technology and sky observatory technolo-gy, they have played a more and more important part in monitoring and predicting of earthquakes and volcanoes in the terres-trial land. In recent years, the related agencies have done the experiments and researches on monitoring and predicting ofearthquakes and volcanoes in the forewarning period by means of many approaches, such as satellite thermal infrared re-mote sensing (TIRS), Global Positioning System (GPS), differential interferometric synthesis aperture radar (D-INSAR),astronomical time-latitude residual anomaly, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), etc. A quite large number of re-search foundation has been built in the fundamental theories and application methods. The experiments and researcheshave shown that these technology is efficient methods for high frequency crust movement. If the existed separate scientificforces and results are possibly assembled together to form a more complete integration monitoring system with the combina-tion of space, sky observation, ground, deep geology and macro anomaly, it will come into a new stage of monitoring andpredicting of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.     

Ab Initio Prediction of ^29Si-NMR Chemical Shifts

The ability of several ab initio models to predict experimental 29Si-NMR chemical shift is examined. The shielding values of trimethylsilyl chloride (A), t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (B) and allyltrimethylsilane (C) are calculated by GIAO, CSGT and IGAIM methods, using HF/6-31G^*, B3LYP/6-31G^* , HF/6-311 G^**, B3LYP/6-311 G^** and MPWlPW91/6-311 G^** models respectively. The 29Si chemical shifts calculated by GIAO method using HF/6-311 G^** model are highly in agreement with those obtained experimentally. All of the models above reproduce the trends of chemical shifts in all cases studied, suggesting that the models are of practical value.     

用实测波浪数据确定JONSWAP谱参数

本文给出应用实测波浪数据确定JONSWAP谱参数的方法，若Hs,Tz,Tc分别为实的有效波高，平均上跨零线周期，平均峰－峰周期并令y=Tz/Tc，本文导出求解谱参数γ值的方程f（γ，y）＝0。根据这个方程的解并应用最小二乘法，γ作为y的函数的表达式可写为（对于2.54≤γ≤15.34及1.6≤y≤1.79）。     

长江上游洪涝暴雨环流形势中期演变趋势分析

本文通过对1980年以来长江上游10次洪涝过程的500hpa环流形势分析,并用车比雪夫多项式对500hpa高度场进行展开,研究了各类洪涝过程的中期演变特征,发现代表不同洪涝过程环流形势变化的不同的车氏系数值都有明显的特征变化,结合欧洲中心中期数值预告96小时500hpa高度场的车氏系数分析,可为洪涝暴雨的中期预报提供一种新的思路。     

Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Variations of Monthly Mean Surface Air Temperature over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

1 Introduction The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known as the highest plateau with the most complex topography in the world, covers an area of more than 200km2, with a mean elevation of more than 4000m a.s.l. (Ye and Gao, 1979). Surrounded by the Earth’s highest mountains, such as the Himalayas, Pamir, Kunlun Mountains, the plateau plays a significant role in climate change in China even in the world, thus attracted great attention of researchers. Up to now, many achievements have been gained by…     

一次西南低涡过程的地面场中尺度分析

本文运用带通滤波分析方法,对四川省1981年7月由西南低涡等天气系统引起的大暴雨过程作了地面气象要素场的中尺度诊断分析。结果表明,带通滤波后的场具有明显的中尺度特征,其中一些物理量场的适当配置与6小时后的暴雨中心有较好的对应关系。说明了此带通滤波方法在实际业务预报中具有一定的使用价值。     

GPS在地震监测预报中的应用研讨会在厦门召开

中国地震局监测预报司和中国地震学会形变专业委员会联合主办、福建省地震局承办的GPS在地震监测预报中的应用研讨会，于2005年6月25日至27日在厦门召开。会议围绕GPS在地震预测研究和地球动力学研究中的应用、GPS与地震监测预报试验场地建设设计规划和研究思路以及GPS最新发展等进行了学术交流。来自全国的40多位专家学者参加了这次研讨会。