焦家断裂带南延问题及南延段找矿前景分析

焦家断裂带位于龙(口)-莱(州)断裂带的南段,为胶西北地区三大著名的金成矿带之一。焦家断裂带南段因第四系覆盖至寺庄以南去向不明。根据近几年的研究成果,认为焦家断裂带应为龙(口)-莱(州)断裂带南段的高家庄子-紫罗姬家段,特别是南部的徐村院-紫罗姬家段所揭露断裂带应为焦家断裂带在该区的南延并具有较好的找矿前景。     

瓯江河口江堤控制线的研究

依据河口的河宽放宽率半理论公式,运用河势演变分析与用一维、二维数值模型的模拟等手段,从河道的防洪、河势、水流、航运等方面及其对环境影响的角度出发,对不同江堤控制线方案进行了比选与论证,提出了江堤控制线的推荐方案。     

Riparian reforestation and channel change: A case study of two small tributaries to Sleepers River, northeastern Vermont, USA

Measurements of two small streams in northeastern Vermont, collected in 1966 and 2004–2005, document considerable change in channel width following a period of passive reforestation. Channel widths of several tributaries to Sleepers River in Danville, VT, USA, were previously measured in 1966 when the area had a diverse patchwork of forested and nonforested riparian vegetation. Nearly 40 years later, we remeasured bed widths and surveyed large woody debris (LWD) in two of these tributaries, along 500 m of upper Pope Brook and along nearly the entire length (3 km) of an unnamed tributary (W12). Following the longitudinal survey, we collected detailed channel and riparian information for nine reaches along the same two streams. Four reaches had reforested since 1966; two reaches remained nonforested. The other three reaches have been forested since at least the 1940s. Results show that reforested reaches were significantly wider than as measured in 1966, and they are more incised than all other forested and nonforested reaches. Visual observations, cross-sectional surveys, and LWD characteristics indicate that reforested reaches continue to change in response to riparian reforestation. The three reaches with the oldest forest were widest for a given drainage area, and the nonforested reaches were substantially narrower. Our observations culminated in a conceptual model that describes a multiphase process of incision, widening, and recovery following riparian reforestation of nonforested areas. Results from this case study may help inform stream restoration efforts by providing insight into potentially unanticipated changes in channel size associated with the replanting of forested riparian buffers adjacent to small streams.     

新厝公路拓宽工程软土路基施工监测分析

福清新厝公路拓宽海堤段海堤内侧采用分级加载进行路基施工填筑软基加例处理,通过3个断面监测数据分析,最大水平位移日变量为2．28mm／d,最大沉降速率为5．97nm/d,各测点的沉降速率和水平位移均在安全控制范围之内。至监测末期最大总沉降量占淤泥层厚度7％,海堤地基固结度76．3％～85．0％,但尚有10．9～15．8m...     

加筋及灌浆联合处理软土地基在路基加宽中的应用和分析

提出了采用“土工合成材料加筋+路基注浆+桩支撑”系统的复合地基,并运用于软土地基上路基加宽。采用弹塑性有限元程序分析比较了路堤在加桩和不加桩情况下的沉降大小、不均匀沉降以及土体中的应力水平;特别是桩-土相互作用的计算分析与实测资料的分析比较。得出了一些相关结论,从而为工程实践提供了一定的理论依据。     

非对称交通荷载作用下拓宽路堤动力特性分析

针对山西省境内长期承受非对称交通荷载的公路拓宽路堤,采用FLAC~(3D)建立数值模型,土工格栅采用FLAC~(3D)内置土工格栅单元(geogrid)模拟,其余部分均采用实体单元,屈服准则采用Mohr-Coulomb准则。将交通荷载简化为半正弦波荷载,分析非对称交通荷载作用下不加筋和加筋两种工况下拓宽路堤的变形特性及稳定性,进而改变拓宽路堤部分填土参数、交通荷载幅值、频率和行车间隔等参数,分析其对加筋工况下拓宽路堤变形的影响。结果表明:非对称交通荷载作用下,设置土工格栅加筋对新、旧路堤变形的约束作用有限,但能提高路堤的整体稳定性;增大拓宽路堤填土的压缩模量和黏聚力,可减小新、旧路堤沉降差;增大交通荷载一侧幅值会引起新、旧路堤过大差异沉降;增大交通荷载频率和时间间隔,路堤沉降均逐渐减小,但沉降差保持不变。上述结论对受非对称交通荷载拓宽路堤的施工提供了一定的理论依据。     

Process-based modeling of the overflow-induced growth of erosional channels

A new process-based approach is introduced for a more efficient computation of the overflow-induced growth of an erosional channel in a non-cohesive homogeneous narrow landmass such as the breach growth in a sand-dike. The approach is easy to incorporate in a 1D/2DV morphodynamic model to compute the channel growth both vertically and laterally.     

A full-scale field experiment to study the thermal-deformation process of widening highway embankments in permafrost regions

As one of the widely used upgrading way in road engineering, the widening embankment(WE) has suffered evident differential deformation, which is even severer for highway in permafrost regions due to the temperature sensitivity of frozen soil and the heat absorption effect of the asphalt pavement. Given this issue, a full-scale experimental highway of WE was performed along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway(QTH) to investigate the differential deformation features and its developing law. The continuous three years' monitoring data taken from the experimental site, including the ground temperature and the layered deformation of WE and original embankment(OE), were used to analyze the thermal-deformation process. The results indicate that the widening part presented the remarkable thermal disturbance to the existing embankment(EE). The underlying permafrost was in a noteworthy degradation state, embodying the apparent decrease of the permafrost table and the increase of the ground temperature. Correspondingly, the heat disruption induced by widening led to a much higher deformation at the widening side compared to the original embankment, showing a periodic stepwise curve. Specifically, the deformation mainly occurred in the junction of the EE and the widening part, most of which was caused by the thawing consolidation near the original permafrost table. In contrast, the deformation of EE mainly attributed to the compression of the active layer. Furthermore, it was the deformation origination differences that resulted in the differential deformation of WE developed gradually during the monitoring period, the maximum of which reached up to 64 mm.     

山区公路拓宽中新旧路基病害机理分析及防治

在公路拓宽过程中,由于沉降、变形累积和稳定性的差异,在新旧路基之间产生差异沉降,进而会引起原有路基变形,新路基失稳,甚至出现路基拉裂和下沉坍塌病害。以某山区拓宽公路中一段病害路基为例,在调查其病害特征的基础上,分析其形成机理,提出防治方法。     

泡沫混凝土拓宽路基的差异沉降研究

在分析泡沫混凝土用于高速公路路基拓宽模式的基础上,建立了泡沫混凝土拓宽路基的附加应力计算模型;推导了新老路基差异沉降计算公式,并结合绍(兴)诸(暨)高速上三段拓宽工程的建设,分析了泡沫混凝土拓宽路基的地基附加应力分布规律和沉降特性以及拓宽参数对新老路基不均匀沉降的影响.研究表明,随拓宽宽度增加,老路受影响范围越大,不均匀沉降增大,最大差异沉降率非线性增大;零征地拓宽时,拓宽对老路沉降基本没有影响;随开挖宽度增加,泡沫混凝土的“应力置换”效果增强,路基的不均匀沉降减小,最大差异沉降率减小.