The importance of oxygen isotope provenance in relation to solute content of bulk meltwaters at Imersuaq Glacier,West Greenland

Stable oxygen isotope analysis and measurement of several dissolved cations and anions of bulk meltwater samples have provided information about the hydrochemical environment of the glacial hydrological system at Imersuaq Glacier, an outlet tongue from the Greenland ice‐sheet, West Greenland. The samples were collected at frequent intervals during the period 20–28 July 2000 in a small (<20 L s^?1) englacial meltwater outlet at the glacier margin. The results document the following findings: (i) a marked diurnal variation of δ¹⁸O is related to the composition of oxygen isotope provenances, mainly near‐marginal local superimposed ice and basal up‐sheared ice further up‐glacier; (ii) a relationship is seen between all base cations (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺), SO₄^2? and δ¹⁸O, indicating that solute acquisition is provided by solid–solution contact with the up‐sheared ice—as the relationship with Cl^? is weak the influence of seasalt‐derived solutes is small in the area; (iii) when the melt rate is high, two diurnal maxima of δ¹⁸O values and solute concentrations are measured, and it is suggested that a snow meltwater component is responsible for the second maximum of δ¹⁸O—a short residence time leads to a delayed decrease in ion concentrations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Influence of large-diameter pipe pile driving on surrounding marine soils and adjacent submarine pipelines

Abstract

With the large-scale development and utilization of ocean resources and space, it is inevitable to encounter existing submarine facilities in pile driving areas, which necessitates a safety assessment. In this article, by referring to a wharf renovation project as a reference, the surrounding soil response and buried pipe deformation during pile driving in a near-shore submarine environment are investigated by three-dimensional (3D) numerical models that consider the pore water effect. Numerical studies are carried out in two different series: one is a case of a single pile focusing on the effect of the minimum plane distance of the pile–pipe, and the other is a case of double piles focusing on the effect of the pile spacing.     

基于有限差分法的抗滑桩计算机辅助设计

基于地基系数“m-m”法、“m-k”法、“k-k”法的原理,考虑桩顶和桩底边界条件以及桩在滑动面处位移、转角、弯矩和剪力的连续条件,可解得桩身各节点的位移和内力,提出了进行抗滑桩全桩内力计算的有限差分法。根据差分方程并用VB6.0编制了实用的计算程序,既可避免繁琐的查表计算,提高计算速度,又可提高计算精度,直观生动,真正实现了人机交互,在界面的引导下,设计人员可完成全部计算,并绘出内力图形和抗滑桩截面配筋图,使设计更方便快捷,该软件可以极大地提高生产效率,降低工程造价,从而实现抗滑桩的优化设计。最后采用上述方法对某滑坡的悬臂抗滑桩进行了设计与计算。     

高压旋喷桩桩周土摩阻力的分析与探讨

通过对旋喷桩的单桩静载试验，探讨了桩周土摩阻力作用的情况，通过计算和分析，得出了两个结论，为旋喷桩基础的设计提供参考。     

Seismic response predictions of multi‐span steel bridges through pushover analysis

In the new trend of seismic design methodology, the static pushover analysis is recommended for simple or regular structures whilst the time‐history analysis is recommended for complex structures. To this end, the applicable range of the pushover analysis has to be clarified. This study aims at investigating the applicability of pushover analysis to multi‐span continuous bridge systems with thin‐walled steel piers. The focus is concentrated on the response demand predictions in longitudinal or transverse directions. The pushover analysis procedure for such structures is firstly summarized and then parametric studies are carried out on bridges with different types of superstructure‐pier bearing connections. The considered parameters, such as piers' stiffness distribution and pier–0.5ptdeck stiffness ratio, are varied to cover both regular and irregular structures. Finally, the relation of the applicability of pushover analysis to different structural formats is demonstrated and a criterion based on the higher modal contribution is proposed to quantitatively specify the applicable range. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

锤击沉管碎石桩处理液化地基的工程实践

结合实际工程,对锤击沉管碎石桩加固处理液化地基的设计、施工控制及处理效果进行了系统论述,对碎石桩设计、施工中遇到的若干问题提出了建议。     

基桩缺陷逐步能量恢复递推定量分析

通过大量正演计算,对不同桩周土条件下缺陷程度与时域速度响应波形中入射波波幅与反射波波幅的比值进行了相关性分析,拟合出桩侧土为粘土、砂土、粉土条件下桩径变化程度与波幅比之间的关系式。通过理论分析,在基桩存在多缺陷时,导出了缩颈与扩颈对下一个缺陷引起的反射波幅值的影响系数,进而,提出了逐步能量恢复递推缺陷程度的理论与方法,在时间域中,实现了基桩存在多缺陷时的低应变动测缺陷量化分析。模型桩试验分析结果表明,缺陷量化分析方法可取得显著效果。     

钢支撑性能对高层钢结构动力反应的影响

钢框架－支撑结构体系是高层钢结构常用的结构体系。支撑的性能对高导钢框架－支撑体系的动力性能影响较大，其中支撑的工细比是关键的影响因素。文中通过大量的计算分析研究支撑长细比对高层钢框架－支撑体系弹塑性地震反应的影响，所得结论可供工程设计时参考。     

深基坑边坡滑塌锚拉钢管桩补救技术

通过对某大厦深基坑边坡失稳事故原因的分析，介绍了粉喷桩，锚拉钢管桩补救设计施工技术及效果。     

桩长及水泥掺入量对柔性桩承载力等的影响

采用弹性无限半空间体内的Mindlin应力解和分层总和法，计算分析了柔性桩的荷载传递规律，较详细地讨论了桩长、固化剂（水泥）掺入量对柔性桩复合地基承载力、变形的影响。计算值与实测值比较吻合。