Sandstone petrology and mudstone geochemistry of the Peruc–Korycany Formation (Bohemian Cretaceous Basin,Czech Republic)

We have studied the petrography and the bulk-rock geochemistry of arenites and mudstones of the Cenomanian Peruc–Korycany Formation to characterize their provenance and sedimentary history, as well as the influence of weathering, hydraulic sorting, and recycling of the source rocks. The Peruc–Korycany Formation contains sedimentary facies reflecting both meandering- and braided-river systems and shallow-marine systems. Differences in the three depositional settings did not cause distinctly different modifications of the framework compositions of the arenites. The sand from the fluvial systems is very mature (Qm₉₈F₀Lt₂). These fluvial arenites were subsequently modified by shallow-marine processes; reworking produced very slight decreases in the abundance of lithic fragments and polycrystalline quartz grains. The Cenomanian strata of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin were derived dominantly from metasedimentary and crystalline rocks of the Palaeozoic Teplà-Barrandian and Cadomian Moldanubian units, respectively. Periods of low tectonic activity resulted in the deposition of arenites with quartzose framework compositions, indicating that climatic and/or transport/depositional-environmental controls overwhelmed factors such as source-rock compositions. Ultrastable dense minerals are useful indicators of sedimentary recycling within the Peruc–Korycanytarenites. Mudstone samples are characterized by abundant kaolinite, illite, chlorite, and quartz but by negligible amounts of goethite and gypsum. Concentrations normalized to the post-Archaean Australian shale (PAAS) show that the sediments are strongly depleted of Na, K, Ca, Sr, and Ba, probably because of the mobility of these elements during weathering. Chemical indices of alteration (CIA, CIW, and PIA) show that the degree of weathering of the source area was high. The data fall closer to the compositional fields of highly weathered minerals such as kaolinite, gibbsite, and chlorite on an A-CN-K diagram. The indices of compositional variability of the studied samples are much less than 1, suggesting that the samples are compositionally mature and were likely dominated by recycling. The elemental ratios critical of provenance (La/Sc, Th/Sc, Th/Co, Th/Cr, and Cr/Th) are similar to fine fractions derived from the weathering of mostly granitoids rather than mafic rocks.     

鄂尔多斯盆地乌审旗气田中二叠统下石盒子组盒8段下亚段滩坝砂体沉积特征

鄂尔多斯盆地乌审旗气田中二叠统下石盒子组盒8段下亚段中下部岩石为石英砂岩类砂岩，即“骆驼脖砂岩”，上部岩石为暗色粉砂质泥岩或碳质泥岩。“骆驼脖砂岩”广布于华北地台，在鄂尔多斯盆地呈“满盆砂”现象，是盆地的主要储层之一。以往学者多认为盒8段下亚段是河流相或三角洲相沉积。通过对众多取心井盒8段下亚段岩心的观察，结合对砂岩岩性、剖面结构、沉积构造、测井曲线特征及砂体空间展布规律的综合研究，提出了盒8段下亚段中下部是滩坝相沉积，上部是沼泽相或沼泽相为主夹小河道沉积。盒8段下亚段可发育一段或两段滩坝相石英砂岩类砂岩，其成分和结构成熟度较高，两段砂岩间夹若干米半深湖相的暗色粉砂质泥岩或沼泽相的碳质泥岩。发育＜10°的冲洗交错层理、互成180°相交的板状和楔状层系组，具丘状和洼状交错层理的风暴岩。自然伽马曲线呈箱形或带齿的箱形。众多厚度较大的砂岩组成的若干列近东西向展布的长条透镜体状砂体，大致平行于古岸线。     

四川攀枝花地区的上震旦统把关河组

四川攀枝花地区的上震旦统把关河组为滨海、浅海相碎屑岩建造 ,以灰白色、灰色中厚层细至中粗粒含海绿石长石石英砂岩、石英砂岩、长石石英砂岩为主夹灰色薄层至极薄层粉砂岩、页岩 ,在盐源 -丽江台缘坳陷区与下伏冰水湖泊相杂色列古六组为整合或平行不整合接触 ,而在康滇地轴上与前震旦纪基底变质岩呈角度不整合接触。在全区均与上覆观音崖组为整合接触。新建的把关河组在民政、务本及其以西地区相当于《四川省岩石地层》(1997)中的下震旦统澄江组 ,在米易县则相当于下元古界五马箐 (岩 )组的上部 ,而在盐边红格 ,则相当于 1∶ 2 0× 10 4 永仁幅中的会理群力马河组下部。主要论述新建把关河组的理由和依据