准噶尔盆地腹部Z2井三叠系地层及沉积特征

对准噶尔Z2井三叠系各组的岩性、电性特征进行了详细解释与描述,对各组的孢粉、大孢子组合特征展开了讨论,提出了该井三叠系地层划分为自碱滩组、克拉玛依组和百口泉组,且将其与邻区钻遇的三叠系进行了横向及纵向对比。在此基础上,通过对测、录井资料的精细解释,并借鉴前人的区域沉积相研究成果,探讨了该区三叠纪沉积环境。     

大亚湾海域锥状斯氏藻赤潮及其与孢囊的关系

用沉积物捕捉器取样，研究了大亚湾海域２０００年６～９月孢囊（Ｃｙｓｔ）种群动态，同时 分析了浮游植物种群动态。研究期间（８～９月）该海域发生了一起大规模的锥状斯氏藻赤潮。 赤潮前一个月，锥状斯氏藻孢囊的平均日形成率为２．０５× １０５ｃｙｓｔｓ／（ｍ２·ｄ），丰度为５０．２２％， 该时期以有性生殖产生的静止期孢囊为主；在赤潮盛期的８，９月初，孢囊的平均日形成率达到 ２．０１ ×１０６ｃｙｓｔｓ／（ｍ２·ｄ），丰度为９６．９７％，此时期的孢囊多为营养细胞所形成的暂时性孢囊； 赤潮结束后，由于环境条件的恶化，暂时性孢囊的形成达到高峰，平均日形成率为１．２４×ｌ０７ ｃｙｓｔｓ／（ ｍ２·ｄ），丰度为９９.５３％。结果表明大亚湾丰富的孢囊是潜在的种源（Ｓｅｅｄ　ｂｅｄ），２０００年 的夏季、秋李持续高温（＞２５℃），台风减少及风力减弱等有利锥状斯氏藻的环境条件诱发孢 囊萌发，开始了该种类的赤潮。     

吹扫-捕集气相色谱法测定海水中挥发性卤代烃

挥发性卤代烃(VHC)是大气中的痕量气体,对臭氧层损耗和温室效应有重要作用。海洋是大气中VHC的主要自然排放源,开展海洋VHC的研究有助于了解海洋对大气VHC和全球变暖的贡献。本文建立了吹扫-捕集与气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器联用技术(P-T-GC-(ECD)分析海水中6种VHC的方法,确定了吹扫-捕集条件和气相色谱分离条件。该方法的检测限在0.003~0.369 ng.L-1之间;相对标准偏差是1.83~3.97;加标回收率为98.1%~110.2%;相关系数在0.997 3~0.999 8之间。可准确地测定海水中6种VHC。     

自组织竞争人工神经网络在砂岩型铀矿测井数据解释中的应用

详细介绍了自组织竞争人工神经网络模型结构、原理和钻孔岩性自动识别过程,给出了神经网络模型在钻孔岩性自动识别过程中的有效性实例。自组织竞争人工神经网络具有自组织能力、自适应能力和较高的容错能力;与BP算法相比较,计算量小,收敛速度快,且不需要已知的先验信息而自动确定分类类别。钻孔岩性识别结果与岩心地质编录的对比试验表明,在砂岩型铀矿测井数据的解释中,应用自组织竞争人工方法可较好地完成钻孔岩性自动分类。     

镇泾地区延长组河流相砂体分布与圈闭形成的关系研究

鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾地区侏罗系地层以三角洲-湖泊沉积体系为主,研究区范围内主要发育主河道和部分分流河道砂体。研究区构造平缓,主要为单斜地层、在东南部存在大型鼻状构造。通过对主要储层段(长6、8油层组)砂体分布及与构造之间关系进行研究,分析砂体走向与构造线方向的关系认为在构造单斜地区,当两者相交时(交角β≠0)是形成圈闭的关键因素之一,在大型鼻状构造地区因构造线的弯曲与河道砂体组合可以形成圈闭。根据研究区砂体分布和构造线组合出4种地层-岩性及岩性圈闭。利用构造图与砂体分布图对主要储层段存在的圈闭确定出长6、8油层组10个层圈闭。     

欧北地区深层三维地震采集技术

辽河盆地由于其特殊的地震地质条件,以往采集的深层地震资料信噪比和分辨率都较低,已经严重制约了油田的进一步勘探和开发.为了彻底摆脱地震资料品质对勘探工作的束缚,努力提高资料的信噪比和分辨率,辽河油田首先选择辽河盆地东部凹陷欧利坨子北为突破口,通过采取最佳岩性激发、有效弱信号保护和变观测系统施工等一系列的技术措施,取得了较好的效果.     

Research Advances and Exploration Significance of Large-area Accumulation of Low and Medium Abundance Lithologic Reservoirs

In recent years, a series of large low and medium abundance oil and gas fields are discovered through exploration activities onshore China, which are commonly characterized by low porosity-permeability reservoirs, low oil/gas column height, multiple thin hydrocarbon layers, and distribution in overlapping and connection, and so on. The advantageous conditions for large-area accumulation of low-medium abundance hydrocarbon reservoirs include： （1） large （fan） delta sandbodies are developed in the hinterland of large flow-uncontrolled lake basins and they are alternated with source rocks extensively in a structure like ＂sandwiches＂; （2） effective hydrocarbon source kitchens are extensively distributed, offering maximum contact chances with various sandbodies and hydrocarbon source rocks; （3） oil and gas columns are low in height, hydrocarbon layers are mainly of normal-low pressure, and requirements for seal rock are low; （4） reservoirs have strong inheterogeneity and gas reservoirs are badly connected; （5） the hydrocarbon desorption and expulsion under uplifting and unloading environments cause widely distributed hydrocarbon source rocks of coal measures to form large-area reservoirs; （6） deep basin areas and synclinal areas possess reservoir-forming dynamics. The areas with great exploration potential include the Paleozoic and Mesozoic in the Ordos Basin, the Xujiahe Formation in Dachuanzhong in the Sichuan basin, deep basin areas in the Songliao basin etc. The core techniques of improving exploration efficiency consist of the sweetspot prediction technique that focuses on fine characterization of reservoirs, the hydrocarbon layer protecting and high-speed drilling technique, and the rework technique for enhancing productivity.     

Geologic Characteristics of Gas Reservoirs in West Sichuan Foreland Basin

The foreland basin in West Sichuan is a tectonic unit that has undergone multi-periods tectonic movements of Indosinian-Yanshanian-Himalayan. Since late Triassic, it has been in a passive subsidence environment controlled by basin margin mountain systems and by the compression with abundant sediment sources. With the complex geologic setting, the main geologic characteristics of natural gas reservoir are listed as following:(1)Source rocks are coal-bearing mud and shale series with high to over maturity, and long and progressive hydrocarbon generation-displacement period. The key accumulation period is middle-late Yanshanian epoch.(2)There are three gas-bearing systems vertically, each of which has different reservoir mechanism, main-controlled factors and distribution law, so the exploration thoughts and techniques are also different.(3)Undergoing multi-period generation-migration-accumulation, oil and gas have encountered multi-period modification or destruction, and gas accumulation overpass multiple tectonic periods. So the trap type is complicated and dominated by combination traps. Because the main accumulation period of natural gas is early and the reservoir encountered the modification of strong Himalayan movement, there is great difference in the fullness degree of gas reservoirs and complicated gas-water relation. (4) Reservoir is tight to very tight, but reservoirs of relatively high quality developed under the super tight setting. (5) The key techniques for oil and gas exploration in west Sichuan foreland basin are the prediction of relatively favorable reservoirs, fractures and gas bearing; and the key techniques for oil and gas development are how to improve the penetration rate, reservoir protection and modification.     

福鼎山后尖玄武岩筒地质特征及其形成机制探讨

福鼎山后尖玄武岩位于福鼎一福清北东向断裂带北东段,呈岩筒状产于石帽山群下组下段火山沉积岩中,属钠质碱性玄武岩系列,由玄武质火山角砾岩、碧玄岩、橄榄辉长一玄武岩组合,经历火山爆发、喷溢、次火山侵入3个阶段而形成。