Study of the flood control scheduling scheme for the Three Gorges Reservoir in a catastrophic flood

The Three Gorges Project is the world's largest water conservancy project. According to the design standards for the 1,000‐year flood, flood diversion areas in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River must be utilized to ensure the safety of the Jingjiang area and the city of Wuhan. However, once these areas are used, the economic and life loss in these areas may be very great. Therefore, it is vital to reduce this loss by developing a scheme that reduces the use of the flood diversion areas through flood regulation by the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), under the premise of ensuring the safety of the Three Gorges Dam. For a 1,000‐year flood on the basis of a highly destructive flood in 1954, this paper evaluates scheduling schemes in which flood diversion areas are or are not used. The schemes are simulated based on 2.5‐m resolution reservoir topography and an optimized model of dynamic capacity flood regulation. The simulation results show the following. (a) In accord with the normal flood‐control regulation discharge, the maximum water level above the dam should be not more than 175 m, which ensures the safety of the dam and reservoir area. However, it is necessary to utilize the flood diversion areas within the Jingjiang area, and flood discharge can reach 2.81 billion m³. (b) In the case of relying on the TGR to impound floodwaters independently rather than using the flood diversion areas, the maximum water level above the dam reaches 177.35 m, which is less than the flood check level of 180.4 m to ensure the safety of the Three Gorges Dam. The average increase of the TGR water level in the Chongqing area is not more than 0.11 m, which indicates no significant effect on the upstream reservoir area. Comparing the various scheduling schemes, when the flood diversion areas are not used, it is believed that the TGR can execute safe flood control for a 1,000‐year flood, thereby greatly reducing flood damage.     

新疆库车县盐水沟北铜矿床地质特征及成因探讨

盐水沟北铜矿区位于新疆库车县北部,其大地构造位置处于塔吉克-塔里木陆块区、塔里木陆块、塔里木北缘隆起、库车前陆盆地,区内构造活动强烈。铜矿床赋存于新近纪中新统康村组第一岩性段,矿体呈层状,严格受地层控制。区内共圈定10个铜矿体,矿石矿物主要为孔雀石、赤铜矿、水胆矾、自然铜等,矿体内无夹石,顶、底板围岩均为褐红色及浅红色粉质泥岩。该矿床为砂岩型铜矿床。     

西南矿区山体崩塌成因机制分析及防治对策

西南地区的矿区具有相似的地理、地质环境,通过四川芙蓉煤矿白岩崩塌的典型实例,对西南矿区山体崩塌的成灾环境进行调查研究,揭示了西南矿区山体崩塌的成因机制,并简要提出了对该煤矿开发与综合治理建议,指出了加强防治工作的紧迫性,强调开展系统工程防灾的重要性,并为该煤矿解决正常采掘接替及工作面的布置问题作出了科学的指导.     

广西老厂铅锌矿床地质特征及其成因探讨

本文是在专题研究基础上,探讨广西老厂铅锌矿床地质特征和矿床成因。该矿床位于海洋山复式背斜南段的老厂穹窿构造核部,铅锌矿化受构造、地层和岩性控制。矿体呈脉状,产于NE向组张扭性断裂构造中;围岩为寒武系白云岩,板岩、砂岩;矿石类型以锌为主,矿物成分简单,以闪锌矿、方铅矿与石英、白云石为主,具充填、交代矿石结构、构造,矿石平均品位含Zn9.94%、Pb1.50%;围岩蚀变主要为硅化、绢云母化和碳酸盐化。据地层岩石元素丰度值、稀土元素配分和稳定同位素数据、资料,探讨了成矿物质来源于围岩,热液主要来自大气降水。因此,认为本矿床实属产于寒武系轻变质岩中的层控矿型大气降水热液铅锌矿床。     

胶东“玲珑-焦家式”金矿资源潜力与找矿

“玲珑焦家式”金矿的成岩成矿,从新太古代至中生代存在着继承性的成因关系,成矿具有长期性、多源性特点,但中生代燕山早期岩浆活动是主导成矿因素。区域化探成果显示胶东金矿直接矿源岩———郭家岭花岗岩金的丰度比原始矿源岩———早前寒武纪变质沉积岩系及侵入岩系金的丰度低1/2。郭家岭花岗岩面积在2 km2以上岩体定量估计金亏损总量与胶东金矿总量预测的资源量相当,从一个侧面展现了胶东金矿资源的潜力。望儿山金矿的找矿实践展示,焦家式金矿在1 000 m以下尚有巨大潜力,整个胶东金矿产区在3 000 m以上的资源潜力应在5000 t以上。     

物探方法在江西省茅排金矿的应用效果

茅排金矿床属中－低温硫化物金矿床，矿体的分布严格受断裂构造控制．通过应用不同的物探方法来寻找控矿断裂，从而达到间接地寻找矿体分布的目的，取得了较好的效果。     

四川石棉独立碲矿床蚀变岩的地质地球化学研究

四川石棉大水沟独立碲矿床堪称世界首例，其矿体两侧的围岩蚀变较窄，且蚀变带与矿脉及未蚀变岩呈清楚而截然的接触关系。主要围岩蚀变为白云石化、白（绢）云母化、云英岩化及电气石化等。这些蚀变作用分别发生于１７７．７～１６５．１Ｍａ和９１．７１～８０．１９Ｍａ。蚀变作用过程中ＳｉＯ２大量析出，Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ、Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｈ２Ｏ、ＣＯ２、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＭｎＯ则有不同程度地带入。与此同时，ＲＥＥ在此过程中包集体迁出，Ｔｅ、Ｂｉ、ＡＳ等元素的含量则决定于蚀变作用及其强度，而与原岩无关。     

Tanlu Fault Zone and Gold Ore Metallogenesis

Tanlu Fault Zone (TFZ) is a large NE trending deep fracture system in East China and is about 2500 km long. It extends from the south of Lujiang to Tancheng, and passes through the Bohai Sea and continues to the north, where it branches into Yilan ?Shulan Fault and Dunhua ?Mishan Fault. TFZ is a long lasting huge deep - rooted lithospherical fault system with different characteristics in different parts and at different periods of its evolution. TFZ also controls the distribution and occur-rences of many superlarge, large, middle and small sized gold ore deposits, e. g. Jiapigou, Haigou, Xiaoxihancha and Ciwei-gou gold deposits in Northeast China; Linglong, Jiaojia, Sanshandao, Taishang, Xincheng, Rushan, and Pengjiakuang gold deposits in Jiaodong Peninsula of Shandong Province; and Guilaizhuang and Yinan in Western Shandong Province.     

青海省沙柳河南区有色金属矿成矿物质来源及矿床成矿模式探讨

本文简述了沙柳河南区有色金属矿床的基本特征。通过对成矿热液及成矿物质的来源与性质的研究,认为该矿床的成因类型为火山沉积—接触交代改造叠加型,进而探讨了该矿床的成矿模式。