南黄海中部沉积岩心的稀土元素地球化学特征

根据南黄海中部所取得的3个柱状样岩心资料,对该区域的稀土元素地球化学特征进行了分析研究。结果表明：地层中稀土元素含量的变化反映了物源环境,为地层划分提供了有效的信息;相关分析表明,稀土元素与Ti,Co,Ni,Fe等元素呈正相关,而与Ca,Sr等元素呈负相关;球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素（REE）分布模式也表明了研究区沉积环境有一次较大的变化;稀土元素的富集因子和判别函数研究表明,该区域的物质来源可能与黄河的物质较为密切。     

长江和黄河入海沉积物不同粒级组分中稀土元素的比较

为探索区分黄、东海陆架沉积物中来自长江和黄河源的有效替代性指标,从长江和黄河河口区各取3个沉积物样品作为长江和黄河入海沉积物的端元样品。研究结果表明:长江和黄河沉积物不同粒级组分中REE的变化范围分别为145.49~256.77μg/g和121.22~135.56μg/g,随粒度由细变粗分别呈下倾的"双峰"型分布和倒"S"型分布;长江沉积物中REE约为黄河的1.5倍,最低值比黄河的最高值高出20%;8~16μm和2~4μm是凸显长江和黄河沉积物稀土元素差异的敏感粒级,REE、LREE/HREE和(La/Yb)n等稀土元素特征参数在这两个粒级组分中差异明显。本次实验结果大幅度地提高了两条河流REE差异的灵敏度和可信度,为建立区分长江与黄河入海沉积物物源实用的有效指标提供了可能。     

海水中微量元素存在形式的模拟计算

本文用模拟数值方法，引用Ｄａｖｉｅｓ离子强度校正方程和热力学稳定常数，计算了海水中Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ和Ｈｇ的无机和有机络合物的百分比含量，从理论上探讨了重金属化学形式的规律。     

磁偶源2.5维瞬变电磁场全空间FDTD数值模拟

为解决模拟瞬变电磁场在3维介质中传播出现的计算量大、对计算机要求高等问题,使用了3维磁偶极源来模拟2维均匀介质和层状介质中方形和薄板低阻体的全空间响应特征。模拟中使用了时域有限差分法,采用非均匀网格和时间步长,分析了瞬变电磁场在均匀介质和层状介质中的传播规律,以及巷道和交界面对场的影响特征,为解释全空间均匀介质和层状介质TEM异常提供参考。     

GPS IF信号的计算机模拟和实现

提出了用GPS卫星星历来近似模拟计算载波多普勒频率和卫星信号延迟,进而用计算机模拟GPS接收机的中频数字信号,为软件GPS接收机的模型算法提供数据源.与实际接收的卫星中频数字信号的频谱进行比较,结果表明,用计算机模拟GPS IF信号是可行的和有效的.     

中国南方离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿类型及其母岩控矿因素探讨

传统认为中国南方的离子吸附型稀土矿床可划分为以“足洞式”为代表的重稀土型和以“河岭式”(或“花山式”)为代表的轻稀土型两种矿化类型。然而，近年来发现的许多矿床(如清溪、寨背和馒头山等)的赋矿风化壳中出现了轻稀土矿与重稀土矿并存现象，表现出特殊的“上轻下重”双层矿体结构。这指示了除重稀土型和轻稀土型之外，还存在着轻重稀土共生型的过渡类型。本研究通过对三种不同成矿类型的若干典型矿床系统对比，指出成矿类型的多样性与母岩性质密切相关，尤其是母岩的稀土元素地球化学和稀土载体矿物属性是制约成矿类型变化的关键因素。统计数据表明，从重稀土型→轻重稀土共生型→轻稀土型，成矿母岩的全岩稀土总量变化不大(ΣREY: 200×10-6~450×10-6→200×10-6~500×10-6→200×10-6~800×10-6)，但轻重稀土配分值出现较显著的区间性差异(ΣLREE/ΣHREY: 02~1→1~5→2~10)。与之同时，母岩中能为离子相稀土提供物源且具有重稀土配分属性的稀土副矿物类型和数量明显减少，这与全岩稀土元素地球化学特征中重稀土分量占比的降低趋势也互相匹配。该结果指示，以往认为重稀土配分母岩形成重稀土矿床、轻稀土配分母岩形成轻稀土矿床的传统观点需要外延，即一部分具有低度轻稀土配分属性(1＜ΣLREE/ΣHREY＜5)且含有丰富易风化稀土副矿物的母岩还可能形成轻重稀土共生型矿床，该认识可为今后离子吸附型稀土矿床勘查工作提供新的找矿依据。     

REE/trace element characteristics of sandstone-type uranium deposits in the Ordos Basin

1 Introduction The Ordos Basin is the second largest sedimentary basin in China. During the last 10 years, a great progress has been achieved in the aspects of tectonic evolution, dynamics process, inner and outer geological processes during Mesozoic-Cen…     

REE characteristics of the Fanshan alunite deposit in Zhejiang Province, China

1 Introduction Alunite [KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6] is a very important non-ferrous metal resource, so many countries throughout the world have made great investments in research on the mechanism of its formation, its geological characteristics and applications. O…     

黄土坡面侵蚀产沙时空演变的REE示踪技术研究

室内交叉布设不同的稀土氧化物,通过人工模拟次降雨,在同一试验条件下,对坡面侵蚀沿顺坡方向和深度方向的演变过程同时展开研究。结果表明:REE示踪技术对定量研究土壤侵蚀具有较高的精度;降雨前期,片蚀与细沟侵蚀发育程度基本相当;后期细沟侵蚀占据坡面侵蚀的主导地位,其侵蚀平均加速度和平均侵蚀率分别是片蚀的15倍、9倍;试验结束,细沟侵蚀占据坡面总侵蚀的90%;本试验条件下,坡面下1/3区域为侵蚀活跃带。     

Hydrothermal Redistribution of Rare—Earth Elements in Pingxiang Dacite,Guangxi

Distribution of the rare-earth elements (REE) in dacite has been studied so as to get a better understanding of the migration behavior of REE during alteration. Both unaltered and altered samples were collected in an unpolluted area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southwest China. The REE concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS. It is concluded that the REE were enriched during dacite alteration in varying degrees. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of altered samples approximately maintain the characteristics of unaltered samples. However, if we normalize the REE concentrations of altered samples with unaltered dacite, fractionation of REE will appear. The LREE are more enriched than HREE in all altered samples with the LREE possibly precipitated as carbonate minerals. Both positive and negative Eu anomalies exist. Enrichment, immobility and depletion are noticed for the element Lu. Heavy mineral alteration, difference in stability constant between carbonate LREE and HREE complexes, downward migration of weathering fluid and microenvironment change may be responsible for the fractionation of REE in the altered dacite.