华南寒武系年代地层系统的修订及相关问题

将早先提出的华南寒武系4统9阶的年代地层系统,修订成4统10阶,除王村阶的底界略高于全球鼓山阶(Drumian Stage)的底界外,其余界线都与目前的全球4统10阶的年代地层界线一致。新系统采纳了在我国华南建立的全球芙蓉统、排碧阶和古丈阶,在原桃源阶的上部另建"牛车河阶"。原王村阶和桃源阶的时限因这一修订有所缩减。全球鼓山阶的底界与台江阶上部的Ptychagnostus atavus带底界可以精确对比。滇东统包含晋宁阶和梅树村阶(狭义)两个年代地层单位,晋宁阶的底界采用全球寒武系的底界,梅树村阶的底界采用罗惠麟等1994年正式修订后的定义,即位于梅树村剖面的"B"点。梅树村阶的原始定义仅指梅树村剖面的磷块岩层(即现今的中谊村段),它的底界高于现在的以Tricophycus pedum首现定义的全球寒武系底界。     

陕西宁强梅树村阶瓶状微化石的发现及其意义

本文报道的瓶状微化石，发现于陕西宁强宽川铺袁家坪剖面，化石产出层位为下寒武统梅树村阶下部小壳化石带，所获微化石数量颇为丰富，囊壳甚小并业经碳化。袁家坪瓶状微化石群的发现，填补了梅树村阶下部此类化石的空白，进一步表明发生于晚前寒武纪的该类具瓶状囊壳的微动物群，曾延入寒早期的事实，现有微化石化碳质保存，为探讨其囊壳原始物质组成提供了新的证据。     

四川的梅树村阶磷矿

上扬子地区早寒武世4个小壳化石组合带建立的梅树村阶方案在2002年出版的《中国区域年代地层(地质年代)表说明书》中已正式采用(全国地层委员会,2002)。四川早震旦世陡山沱期磷矿层分布十分有限,而寒武纪梅树村期大规模磷酸盐沉积成矿作用形成有昆阳式、汉源式、清平式和宁强式等矿床类型,其中,汉源式磷矿为梅树村晚期形成。     

川西南—滇东北地区磷矿的形成与富集

川西南滇东地区在早寒武世梅树村期处于上扬子浅海环境,沉积一套浅海碳酸盐和磷酸盐。磷矿经历初始沉积和再次富集的成矿作用,与古构造控制的古地理位置密切相关。在川滇潮坪海湾中,由水下隆起分割的三个次级海湾周围的潮下浅滩和潮间带下部为寻找富矿的有利部位。     

Review of Research on Early Cambrian Phosphatized Quadrapyrgites

The metazoan Quadrapyrgites consists, from proximal to distal ends, of an oral area, a cone, a collar, and an apex from the Early Cambrian Fortunian Stage in Xixiang Zhangjiagou section, southern Shaanxi Province, South China. Three morphological types of the apex, the most characteristic feature of the taxon, are identified from hundreds of Quadrapyrgites specimens. The Quadrapyrgites growth zone is situated at the oral end, where 12 terminal lobes are generated, uplifted, enlarged, and evaginated to form a crest; A one-by-one of crest number from 2 to 13 has been recognized. The unique growth pattern and ontogenetic sequence refute a cubozoan or cycloneuralian affinity for Olivooides and Quadrapyrgites, and instead defend a coronate scyphozoan hypothesis. An embryonic development and ontogenetic sequence with embryo and crest is constructed.     

Yangtzedonta is Undoubtedly a Junior Synonym of Xianfengella

With the verification of the type specimen by six experts from the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, the specimen of Xianfengella prima He and Yang, 1982 described by Qian （Qian, 2001, flge2： la-c） is confirmed to be the holotype specimen （NIGP. 84430） of Yangtzedonta primitiva Yu, 1985, and consequently, Yu Wen＇s view that they are not the same specimen is impractical. This fact demonstrates that Yangtzedonta primitiva Yu, 1985 is undoubtedly a junior synonym of Xianftngella prima He and Yang, 1982, and is invalid. Qian＇s conclusion （Qian, 2001 ） that no bivalve appeared in the early Meishucunian Stage of the Early Cambrian is rational.     

陕西省宁强县早寒武世宽川铺组具瘤突装饰的Olivooides-like胚胎化石新类型

早寒武世梅树村期小壳化石处于＂寒武纪生命大爆发＂的第一幕,对于揭示后生动物起源至关重要。对陕南宽川铺地区早寒武世早期宽川铺组第一个小壳化石组合带中发现的动物球状胚胎化石进行大量观察,发现了两枚Olivooides-like的新型动物胚胎化石。此类化石的胚胎表面并非Punctatus Emeiensis常见的密集分布的典型或非典型的尖刺状结构,而是呈基端具螺旋状环褶、末端较圆滑的锥状突起。新型动物卵的发现暗示了早寒武世梅树村期动物化石卵的多样性很可能发端于新元古代埃迪卡拉纪。