CBERS-02B星数据融合方法评价

CBERS—02B星(以下简称02B星)多光谱CCD数据与全色HR数据空间分辨率相差较大，给图像融合带来一定困难。在对IHS变换、主成分分析变换、Brovey 变换、GS变换等融合算法分析的基础上，利用02B星数据进行了融合试验。通过对试验结果的目视评价与定量分析发现，PC变换和GS变换方法融合图像纹理信息较清晰，光谱保真度较好。在GS变换融合中，可利用02B星CCD相机第5波段模拟GS变换的低分辨率输入，融合结果统计值优于PC变换。     

利用徕卡GS18仪器进行高精度RTK定位试验与分析

目前，GNSS和IMU（惯性测量单元）传感器融合领域的快速发展，给高精度RTK定位带来了新的机遇。传统倾斜补偿的解决方案大多是使用磁力计和INS（惯性导航系统），对电磁干扰十分敏感并且需要现场校准，倾斜补偿的角度范围通常限制在15°；以内。为了克服上述的缺点，徕卡GS18 GPS倾斜机使用基于工业级别微电子机械传感器MEMS的IMU来补偿测杆倾斜情况的位置改正。本文通过试验检验了徕卡GS18仪器在大角度倾斜和不同复杂环境下的定位精度，结果表明GS18倾斜机能较好实现倾斜补偿，在有信号遮挡等场景下仍能获得厘米级定位精度。     

Extending the known distribution of the Younger Dryas Vedde Ash into northwestern Russia

The known distribution of wind‐blown Vedde Ash (ca. 10.3 ka BP) has been extended to the Karelian Isthmus in northwestern Russia. This has been possible as the result of a density separation technique that separates the rhyolitic Vedde Ash shards from the minerogenic host sediment. The Vedde Ash occurs in the middle of a pollen zone with high percentages of, for example, Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae, suggesting that the Younger Dryas (or GS‐I in the GRIP ice‐core event stratigraphy) was cold and dry throughout its duration. This is in agreement with sites in south Sweden where the Vedde Ash also occurs in the middle of a pollen zone dominated by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Cyperaceae. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CBERS-02B星CCD与HR数据融合方法探讨

随着CBERS-02B星(以下简称02B星)多光谱CCD数据与全色HR数据在各个领域的广泛应用,两者相差较大的空间分辨率给图像融合带来难题。在对改进型的IHS变换、主成分变换、Brovey变换、GS变换等融合算法分析的基础上,利用02B星数据进行融合试验,并对试验结果进行定性与定量评价,结果表明:①Brovey变换融合效果较差;②在影像的阴影区域,改进型的IHS变换融合结果存在光谱失真;③PCA变换光谱保真较好;④GS变换无论是统计结果还是图像的色彩和清晰度都明显优于上述三种方法。     

CMOS图像传感器在太阳磁场观测中的应用研究

磁场是太阳物理的第1观测量,当前太阳磁场观测研究正迈向大视场、高时空分辨率、高偏振测量精度以及空间观测的时代.中国首颗太阳观测卫星—先进天基太阳天文台(ASO-S)也配置了具有高时空分辨率、高磁场灵敏度的全日面矢量磁像仪(FMG)载荷,针对FMG载荷的需求,讨论了大面阵、高帧频互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS)图像传感器应用于太阳磁场观测的可行性.首先,基于滤光器型太阳磁像仪观测的原理,比较分析了目前CMOS图像传感器(可用的或是可选的两种快门模式)的特点,指出全局快门类型更适合FMG;其次搭建了CMOS传感器实验室测试系统,测量了CMOS图像传感器的像素增益及其分布规律;最后在怀柔太阳观测基地的全日面太阳望远镜上开展了实测验证,获得预期成果.在这些研究基础上,形成了FMG载荷探测器选型方向.     

Identification and significance of a visible,basalt‐rich Vedde Ash layer in a Late‐glacial sequence on the Isle of Skye,Inner Hebrides,Scotland

This paper reports the discovery of a visible, tephra horizon of Late‐glacial age from the site of Loch Ashik in the Isle of Skye, the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. Although the tephra shards have a bimodal geochemical composition identical to that of the Vedde Ash (a well known marker horizon within Late‐glacial sequences. The horizon at Ashik is dominated by basaltic shards and devitrified tephra shards, giving the layer its characteristic black colour. Only rhyolitic shards have previously been reported from Vedde Ash horizons in the British Isles. This new evidence raises some important questions about the factors that govern the distribution and accumulation of basaltic tephra, and about the methods used to detect ash shards in basins distal to centres of volcanic activity. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

GS型重力仪的静电反馈与静电标定

本文介绍了静电反馈及静电标定技术在GS型重力仪上的具体应用,着重阐述了它的工作原理。应用结果表明,装配有静电反馈及静电标定系统的重力仪,不但观测资料精度大大提高,而且仪器的标定既简单又准确。     

Automated Analyte Separation by Ion Chromatography Using a Cobot Applied to Geological Reference Materials for Li Isotope Composition

The demand for large and reliable data sets on isotopic composition has increased in geochemistry and environmental sciences over recent years. We present an automated ion chromatographic separation method using a robotic pipetting arm, termed ‘ChemCobOne’, to reduce sample separation time. Its performance was tested for lithium isotope separation in geological reference materials using a single‐step separation with HCl (0.2 mol l^?1) and a 2 ml resin volume. This refined lithium purification method does not forfeit precision, accuracy or purity compared with manual sample processing. In addition, a δ⁷Li value for NASS‐6 of 30.99 ± 0.50‰ (2s) (95% CI = 0.14‰, n = 44) was determined and the first δ⁷Li values for the granite rock reference material GS‐N (?0.57 ± 0.25‰ (2s), 95% CI = 0.15‰, n = 15), and for the soil reference material NIST SRM 2709a (?0.37 ± 0.67‰ (2s), 95% CI = 0.15‰, n = 63) are proposed.     

时空地统计学方法研究及进展

随着理论技术的不断发展,对环境因子仅进行空间估计和量化已不再满足精准农业等地理分支学科的精度要求,因此人们在传统地统计方法的基础上衍生出时空地统计学。该方法将时间域和空间域紧密联系起来,运用时空插值和随机模拟,更客观全面地描述地物的区域性时空分布。本文首先阐明了时空地统计学的主要概念及历史应用领域,随后介绍了当前主流的时空地统计方法及其各自的精度与适用领域,最后总结了时空地统计方法研究的不足和方向。