沂沭断裂带断层泥中 K-Ar、FT 和 TL 体系年代学含义的初步研究

本文报道了利用K-Ar法、TL法和FT法,分别测定断层泥中1Md伊利石(<1μ粒级组份)、石英(2-10μ粒级组份)和磷灰石单矿物的年龄结果;给出了沂沭断裂带三次强烈活动的年龄区间及强度逐渐减弱的变化趋势。首先提出了利用这三种测年手段,测定断层泥中三种不同物质的年龄,进而研究断层活动(强度和时间)的新方法     

Pyrolysis of immature Torbanite and of the resistant biopolymer (PRB A) isolated from extant alga Botryococcus braunii. Mechanism of formation and structure of torbanite

Immature Torbanite and the resistant biopolymer (PRB A) isolated from extant B. braunii were previously compared using bulk spectroscopic methods. In the present work, analysis of 400°C pyrolysis products and pyrolysis residues provided further information on their structure and possible relationships. It appears that such polymers are based upon unbranched, saturated, cross-linked hydrocarbon chains up to C₃₁. In addition to these bridging structures, a substantial part of the alkyl chains is singly bound, as esters of unbranched, saturated or cis unsaturated, even fatty acids. These esters are sterically protected, against chemical degradations, by the network of the bioand geopolymer.Quantitative and qualitative observations derived from 400°C pyrolysis confirm that the chemical structure of PRB A and immature Torbanite are closely related. The pyrolysis residues show a similar evolution and numerous common features are noted, with respect to the nature and the distribution of the major constituents of the pyrolysates (hydrocarbons and fatty acids). Accordingly, Botryococcus provides what seems to be the first example of a close structural relationship between a biopolymer produced in large amounts by an extant alga and the geopolymer of an immature kerogen. The essential role of PRB A in Torbanite formation is ascertained. Moreover, it is found that the resistant biopolymer does not undergo important structural changes during the first stages of diagenesis. Thus, owing to steric protection, the esters of immature Torbanite show a distribution quite close to the one of PRB A esters, with exclusively even constituents and a large contribution of unsaturated acids.Recent observations pointed to the possible genesis of some algal kerogens principally by selective preservation of resistant macromolecules. Such a type of formation is clearly predominant in Torbanite, where the bulk of the fossil organic matter corresponds to a selectively preserved and weakly altered, resistant biopolymer, while incorporation of lipids into the kerogen structure during diagenesis seems to play a minor role.     

A multicolor photometric study of the neglected eclipsing binary FT Ursae Majoris

The multicolor photometric observations of the neglected eclipsing binary FT Ursae Majoris (FT UMa) were obtained in 2010. The 2003 version of the Wilson-Devinney code was used to analyze the light curves in the B, V and R bands simultaneously. Based on the spectroscopic mass ratio q = 0.984 published by Pribulla et al., it is found that FT UMa is an evolved contact binary with a contact degree of 15.3%. The low amplitude of light variations, ～ 0.15 mag, arises mainly from a moderately low inclination angle...     

红河断裂带中南段断层活动转换构造岩特征及应力场演化

通过对红河断裂带中南段18个糜棱岩、12个角砾岩、10个碎裂岩和8个砂砾岩详细的显微结构观察,部分典型样品的磷灰石裂变径迹(FT)测年及利用断层滑动资料反演构造应力张量的方法,获得了红河断裂带中南段断层活动转换过程微观特征的变化:断层岩为糜棱岩的微结构特征显示红河断裂带早期断层活动为左旋走滑,糜棱岩和未变形的砂砾岩FT年龄均大于20 Ma,表明这期间红河断裂带曾发生过一次构造热事件.断层岩为碎裂岩和角砾岩的微结构特征显示红河断裂带后期断层活动为右旋走滑.微结构特征不同的碎裂岩和角砾岩的FT年龄可分为3个时段(9.9～12.7 Ma、6.8～8.4 Ma、2.0～4.6 Ma),测年结果和应力场特征表明红河断裂带中新世以来曾发生过3次断层错动事件,且第1次事件应力结构为走滑型,第2、3次事件应力结构为正断型.     

Fission-track-age records of the Mesozoic tectonic-events in the southwest margin of the Ordos Basin, China

Based on the analysis of apatite and zircon fission track (FT), the FT age distribution and the peck-ages of the Mesozoic tectonic events in the southwest margin of the Ordos Basin (OB) were discussed. (1) The early event mainly occurred at 213-194 Ma with a peck-age of 205 Ma, and corresponded to the tectonic uplift and the mega-clastic deposit in the southwest OB during the Late Triassic. (2) The middle event included at least two episodes. One was at 165-141 Ma with a peck-age of 150 Ma, and the other was at 115-113 Ma with a peck-age of 114 Ma, corresponding to the over-thrusting and the mega- clastic deposits in the southwest OB during the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. (3) The late event mainly demonstrated the regional uplifting and included at least two episodes. One was at 100-81 Ma with a peck-age of 90 Ma, and the other was at 66-59 Ma with a peck-age of 63 Ma. Additionally, the relationship analysis of the tectonic event and the mineralizing chronology revealed that the extreme environment of the peck-age event and the subsequent moderate activity could be the key factors of the multiple resources coupling and coexistence in the OB.     

Use of magnetic measures to assess soil redistribution following deforestation in hilly region

Limited information is available about the use of magnetic susceptibility property to determine soil redistribution in hilly areas of the semi-arid regions. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of magnetic properties to determine soil redistribution along a hill slope following deforestation. The study area is located in the Quaternary hilly region of Lordegan district in west Iran. Ten transects were established in two land uses that included natural Querqus forested and cultivated lands. Soil samples were collected at different positions along the slope and magnetic properties (χlf, χhf, SIRM, ARM, and χfd) and selected physico-chemical properties were determined. The results (based on the χfd, SIRM/ARM) showed that the magnetic susceptibly in the calcareous materials is pre-dominantly derived during the pedogenic processes and the superparamagnetic particles which were transported to lower positions of hill slope following deforestation. The results confirmed that this methodology could be applied for monitoring soil redistribution along the slope in calcareous hilly areas in the semi-arid regions.     

Thermochronology of Mesozoic Sandstone from the Beipiao Basin and Its Implication to Meso-Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Yan-Liao Orogenic Belt

1 IntroductionThe Yan-Liao orogenic belt lies in the northern segmentof the North China Block (NCB) (Fig. 1). During Mesozoicto Cenozoic time, it experienced intense tectono-magmaticactivation, accompanied by the formation ofintracontinental basins and widespread magmatism and is avery important area to study continental dynamics andMeso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution in eastern China. Mostof previous work in this area has focused on the formationof basement, structural style and volcano-se…     

剑川盆地第三纪以来地壳变形的地质分析与FT测年

通过地层沉积、褶皱变形、断裂活动性质转化等分析可以看出：始新世早期,剑川盆地的宝相寺组（Eb）构成轴向近南北向的褶皱和与之相伴的NNE向盆缘主断裂右旋逆推运动;中新世以来,双河组（N1s）地层的褶皱走向为NE向,此期间盆缘主断裂变为左旋逆推性质;上新世以后（N2Q）剑川地壳块体以伸展裂陷为主,伴随地壳的差异隆升,盆缘断裂以正断裂为主,同时有晚上新世粗面岩沿裂隙侵位。裂变径迹测年（简称FT测年,下同）表明：遭褶皱变形的双河组（N1s）地层年龄为（15.8±1.8）Ma;盆缘主断裂的左旋逆推运动发生在（5.4±1.1）Ma,后期正断裂运动发生在（1.6±0.7）Ma;被断裂抬升的剑川组（N2j）和晚上新世（τ6）粗面岩的FT年龄介于（2.4±0.85～3.1±0.5）Ma。上述资料揭示：盆地近EW向挤压作用发生在15Ma.BP,而区内NW向挤压运动发生在（15～5.4）Ma.BP间,后期正断引张运动开始于距今5.4Ma前,强烈活动于（1.5～1.6）Ma.BP。也即区内地壳变形由早期（E3）近EW向挤压经中新世（N2）NW向挤压至上新世（N2）后,则以引张裂陷作用为主。该变形过程可能与印度洋板块推挤、青藏高原隆升及高原物质作SE向流展的地壳动力学过程有关。     

Analysis of cation distribution in the octahedral sheet of dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates by using inverse Monte Carlo methods

An inverse Monte Carlo (MC) method was developed to determine the distribution of octahedral cations (Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, and Mg²⁺) in bentonite illite–smectite (I–S) samples (dioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates) using FT–IR and ²⁷Al MAS NMR spectroscopies. FT–IR allows determination of the nature and proportion of different cation pairs bound to OH groups measuring the intensities of OH-bending bands. ²⁷Al MAS NMR data provide information about cation configuration because ²⁷Al MAS NMR intensity depends on Fe distribution. MC calculations based on FT–IR data alone show Fe segregation by short-range ordering (Fe clusters within 9 to 15?Å from a given Fe atom). Fe segregation increases with illite proportion. MC calculations based on IR and ²⁷Al NMR simultaneously yield similar configurations in which Fe clusters are smaller. The latter calculations fail to build appropriate cation distributions for those samples with higher number of illite layers and significant Fe content, which is indicative of long-range Fe ordering that cannot be detected by FT–IR and ²⁷Al MAS NMR. The proportion of Mg–Mg pairs is negligible in all samples, and calculations, in which the number of Mg atoms, as second neighbours, is minimised, create appropriate configurations.