皖南东至兆吉口铅锌矿床成矿时代的厘定及其找矿指示意义

皖南东至兆吉口铅锌矿床是近年来在江南过渡带西段新发现的一个规模达中型的中-低温热液型矿床。目前揭露的铅锌矿体均赋存于东至断裂带及其西侧次级张(扭)性断裂及裂隙中。文章选取了该矿床主要矿石矿物闪锌矿以及与主成矿阶段金属硫化物紧密共生的石英,分别采用流体包裹体Rb-Sr法和40Ar-39Ar法进行同位素地质年龄测定。4件闪锌矿样品获得流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄为(128±1)Ma;2件石英样品获得流体包裹体40Ar-39Ar坪年龄分别为(128.74±3.02)Ma和(128.19±1.98)Ma,等时线年龄分别为(128.81±5.25)Ma和(128.30±3.47)Ma,反等时线年龄分别为(128.82±5.24)Ma和(128.31±3.47)Ma。同位素地质年龄测试结果基本一致,表明兆吉口铅锌矿床形成于128 Ma左右,成矿时代为早白垩世。该成矿年龄与赋矿闪长玢岩的形成时间((129.0±2.3)Ma~(128.4±2.7)Ma)一致,也与东至断裂燕山晚期的活动年龄((126.3±2.2)Ma)相近,表明该矿床成矿与燕山晚期的构造-岩浆活动密切相关,此时区域构造背景为强烈挤压后的伸展环境。这一矿化事件在成矿时代上明显晚于长江中下游成矿带中的断隆区(如铜陵、安庆-贵池等矿集区)的铜金多金属矿床和皖南成矿带中的钨钼多金属矿床(136 Ma),而与长江中下游成矿带断坳区的玢岩铁矿床的成矿时间(135~127 Ma)相近,指示长江中下游成矿带与皖南成矿带之间的江南过渡带中发育有燕山晚期较晚阶段(128 Ma左右)的铅锌矿化事件,为今后在该区开展铅锌多金属矿床找矿勘探提供了重要依据。     

皖南东至地区寒武系层序地层研究

皖南东至地区寒武系在地层分区上可以分为下扬子地层分区、过渡地层分区和江南地层分区，生物群上出现了两区特征分子和过渡区的混生现象，并处于台地与盆地交接部位。通过对分别位于台地、斜坡和盆地露头层序地层研究，将寒武纪地层自下而上划分为三个Ⅱ类沉积层序和二个Ⅰ类沉积层序，早寒武世的三个Ⅱ类沉积层序的陆架边缘体系域不发育；中寒武世晚期到晚寒武世的二个Ⅰ类沉积层序皆由低水位体系域、海侵体系域和高水位体系域 组成三元结构。通过层序地层分析和沉积体系演化建立了相应的海平面变化曲线，自早寒武世早期本区海平面达到最高位和最大上升速率后，至寒武纪末研究区海平面总体处于下降过程，即海平面为累进式的缓慢的下降。     

江南过渡带东至查册桥金矿床~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年代学及成矿条件研究

查册桥金矿是近年来在江南过渡带发现的一个金多金属矿床,本文对该矿床与矿化有关的蚀变花岗闪长斑岩中绢云母进行了~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年龄测试,获得蚀变岩金矿石绢云母坪年龄156.9±1.6 Ma,等时线年龄152±28 Ma和矿化强蚀变花岗闪长斑岩绢云母坪年龄142.1±1.3 Ma,等时线年龄137±13 Ma。程檀矿段与牛头高家矿段流体包裹体均一温度为160℃左右,氢氧同位素特征显示成矿热液以岩浆热液为主。结合本区及邻近矿区相关研究成果,本区金矿主要为浅成、低温型,成矿物质和热液具有多来源特征,原生金矿以微细粒浸染型为主,具类卡林型金矿矿化特征,其年龄值分别对应于燕山期不同阶段构造活动和成岩成矿作用时代,其成矿过程经历了中侏罗世韧-脆性挤压构造变形和蚀变、矿化,晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期与岩体侵入相关的金多金属矿化,以及早白垩世中、晚期浅成低温热液成矿作用。     

安徽省东至地区金矿类型及找矿方向

安徽省东至地区位于扬子陆块北缘,跨下扬子前陆带和江南隆起带两个次级构造单元,独特的大地构造环境造就了本区有利的金矿成矿地质条件,形成多种类型的金矿床,其成因类型主要包括岩浆热液型和风化壳型,工业类型主要有破碎带蚀变岩型、含金石英脉型、微细粒浸染型及红土型。各类型金矿分类聚集,形成两个主要的金矿成矿带。沿赵家岭断层带以破碎带蚀变岩型为主,伴有含金石英脉型,中畈—戴家一带,赵家岭—杨家山一带均具较大找矿潜力,是本区金矿勘查重点地区,九华庄等地也具一定的找矿潜力;沿高坦断裂以微细粒浸染型为主,伴有破碎带蚀变岩型及红土型,查册桥地区是其重点勘查区,铜锣尖、小河等地找矿潜力也较大。     

皖南东至地区震旦纪沉积相及层序地层分析

皖南东至地区的震旦系发育齐全，分布广泛．出露良好．为江南型地层最古老的盖层。沉积类型复杂多样，岩石类型相当丰富，为重要的含矿层，含有丰富的铁、锰、磷、金等沉积层控矿产，是研究震旦纪地层、沉积相和层序地层较理想地区。通过分析研究，阐述了早震旦世早期以陆源碎屑沉积环境为主，为海岸冲积扇相到陆棚相沉积，表现为一个海进过程；早震旦世晚期以冰川作用为主，为海岸冰川相到陆棚冰川沉积；晚震旦世均以碳酸盐岩沉积环境为主，为台地前缘斜坡到浅海盆地相沉积，表现为一个海退过程。震旦纪可分出两个Ⅰ类层序，早震旦世早期Ⅰ类层序由低水位体系域、海侵体系域及凝缩段构成．由于受冰川作用对下伏地层产生了强烈削切，而使高水位体系域缺失。早震旦世晚期至晚震旦世晚期，为一个完整的Ⅰ类层序。     

安徽东至兆吉口铅锌矿地球化学特征及成因类

安徽东至兆吉口铅锌矿的主要赋矿层位为蓟县系环沙组下段,成矿元素来源多元化,环沙组变质围岩和矿体附近岩浆岩体是重要矿源层.通过对该区岩石地球化学特征和矿床地球化学特征的分析总结,认为兆吉口铅锌矿是一个与岩浆活动有关的浅成低温热液充填型矿床.     

安徽东至县中畈金矿地质特征及找矿标志浅析

安徽省中畈金矿自上世纪70年代以来先后有多家地质单位做过工作,前人根据自然重砂测量、地球化学测量等成果发现了多条含金破碎带、含金石英脉,通过普查评价,累计圈算金工业储量31.74kg,找矿效果不好,地勘工作一度陷于被动。2005年受业主委托,笔者组织实施了该区的首采地段详查工作,提交了金金属量(332+333)资源1047.59kg。本文系统总结了该区的地质特征及成矿规律,并指出了该区下一步找矿方向。     

Origin of fluids in the Hetaoping Pb–Zn deposit,Baoshan–Narong–Dongzhi block metallogenic belt,Yunnan Province,SW China

The Hetaoping skarn type Pb–Zn deposit is located in the Baoshan–Narong–Dongzhi block metallogenic belt (BND belt), a belt between the Tengchong terrane and the Lanping basin. The deposit is hosted by marble of the upper Cambrian Hetaoping Formation and there are no outcrops of plutonic rocks present. This deposit is one of two large Pb–Zn deposits recently discovered in the BND belt. The Hetaoping deposit is a high Mn skarn. Four types of fluid inclusions were recognized in quartz from the deposit: vapor-rich inclusions (Type I), liquid-rich inclusions (Type II), pure vapor inclusions (Type III), and pure fluid inclusions (Type IV). The coexistence of Type I and Type III inclusions in Stage I (pre-ore stage) and Stage II (main ore stage) shows evidence of fluid boiling. Quartz-hosted fluid inclusions (Stage I and Stage II) display high homogenization temperatures and salinities (134–315 °C; 3.7–18.6 wt% NaCl equivalent) but calcite-hosted fluid inclusions in Stage III (post-ore stage) record lower homogenization temperatures and salinities (85–214 °C; 0.5–5.4 wt% NaCl equivalent). These data suggest a possible mixing between primary magmatic water and meteoric water. Based on chromatography data, the fluid inclusions in quartz contain abundant CO₂ and O₂ and subordinate CO, CH₄ and C₂H₂ + C₂H₄, suggesting an oxidizing environment. Based on their Na/K and Cl/SO₄ ratios, fluids contained in fluid inclusions are similar to volcanic spring waters. The low Na/K ratios (0.40–1.34) of the ore-forming fluids may have resulted from interaction with a deep alkaline intermediate-acid intrusion. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope determinations on quartz from different ore stages show low δ¹⁸O and δD values relative to VSMOW (−4.3‰ to 2.3‰; −109‰ to −91‰), indicating that the ore-forming fluids were diluted by external fluid sources as the skarn system cooled. Overall, geological and geochemical interpretations suggest that the Hetaoping deposit is a distal manganese skarn Pb–Zn deposit related to concealed intrusions.     

皖南东至查册桥金矿岩浆岩锆石U Pb年龄及其成矿意义

安徽省东至县查册桥金矿是近年来在江南过渡带上新发现的具一定规模的金矿床,包括多个矿段(点)。矿体受NNE向、NE向及近EW向断裂控制。矿化类型以高硫浅成低温热液型金(锑)矿化为主。其矿床的形成与燕山期岩浆活动有密切的时空和成因联系,区内岩浆岩主要有花岗斑岩、花岗闪长岩、花岗闪长斑岩、闪长玢岩及英安玢岩。本文通过对区内岩浆岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,确定了区内岩体成岩时间晚侏罗世到早白垩世之间,花岗闪长斑岩在143~148Ma侵位,花岗闪长岩侵位年龄为145Ma,闪长玢岩略晚(142Ma),金多金属矿化稍晚,且持续时间较长。矿区岩浆岩中均发育大量继承锆石,反映有大量成岩物质来源于古老地壳基底,与岩浆岩的成因类型(壳幔同熔型)对应,并与所处的江南过渡带的大地构造位置(江南过渡带)及地质构造发展历史有关。(2522±72Ma)古老的继承锆石年龄,指示本区存在太古代基底物质;较为广泛的新元古代600~1000Ma继承锆石年龄数据,反映了江南过渡带晋宁期扬子陆块与华夏陆块碰撞造山过程所形成的物质再循环到本区燕山期岩浆活动与成矿过程中去。查册桥金矿成矿作用与岩浆期后大规模热液蚀变相联系,并在持续的岩浆活动和热液作用下富集和成矿。综合成矿地质背景、成岩成矿年代学,可以认为,查册桥金矿是一个受断裂构造控制的、与燕山期中酸性岩浆作用密切相关的浅成低温热液型金矿床。     

40Ar-39Ar Geochronology and its Geological Significance of Zhaceqiao Gold Deposit in Dongzhi,Jiangnan Transition ZoneEI北大核心CSCD

The Zhaceqiao gold-polymetal deposit was discovered recently in the Jiangnan Transitional Zone. In order to obtain the ore-forming age, sericite was separated from the altered granite porphyry which hosts the gold deposit. 40Ar-39Ar analyses of sericite in gold ore yield spectrum age of 156.9±1.6 Ma with the isochron age of 152±28 Ma. The spectrum age of sericite in altered granodiorite porphyry is 142.1±1.3 Ma with the isochron age of 137±13 Ma. The homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in quartz from the Niutougaojia and Chengtan ore sections is c.a. 160℃. The H-O isotopic compositions indicate that the ore-forming fluids mainly come from magmatic hydrothermal sources. Integrating with regional studies, the Zhaceqiao gold deposit is predominantly characterized by shallow, low temperature and epithermal, similar to Carlin-like type gold deposit. The Zhaceqiao gold deposit was formed in Yanshanian through multi-stage superimposition. The gold mineralization was related to the ductile-brittle compressional tectonic deformation and alteration in middle Jurassic to gold, while the polymetallic mineralization was related to the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous igneous activity, and the epithermal mineralization in the middle and late stage of the Early Cretaceous. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.