矩形虾池环流的流动特点与流动阻力

对矩形虾池在水车式增氧机作用下产生的环流特点进行理论分析，结果表明，在转角处会形成涡旋，边壁附近在一定条件下会产生回流；利用ANSYS软件的FLOTRAN CFD进行数值计算，获得与理论分析一致的结果，与现场实际情况吻合。并进一步对虾池阻力进行分析，提出了一些减阻措施。     

Geochemical survey of thermal system in Northeast China and their geothermometric characters

The chemical composition of several thermal springs around Changbaishan area has been investigated. Cenozoic basaltic rocks are widely distributed in Northeast China and geothermal characteristics have been described. About one hundred hot springs exist around Changhaishan Volcano at the border between China and D.P.R.Korea with high temperature about 82~C. The pH values of the spring water range from 6.9 to 7.1 and the total flow rate is about 4.8 L/sec. The chemical composition of the thermal springs is sodium carbonate; the high-mineral contents of thermal water are believed to have medicinal properties. Bathhouses are already built along the hot springs to take the advantage of the supposed healing properties. The high quality of those hot springs is believed to be utilitized for mineral water. The chemical equilibrium temperatures were estimated at about 160℃ based on the Na-K-Ca geochemical thermometer.     

流动注射在线液—液萃取原子吸收光谱法测定天然水中铬（Ⅲ）和铬（Ⅵ）

利用新设计的流动注射液－液萃取分相器，研究了液－液在线萃取原子吸收光谱法测定Ｃｒ和Ｃｒ的实验条件、流路参数和操作程序。拟定的新方法用于武汉东湖不同区域水样中铬的测定，检出限为２．２ｎｇ／ｍｌ。     

Numerical Study on Instantaneous Discharge of Unsorted Particle Cloud in Cross Flow

The mixing characteristics of particles such as dredged sediment of variable size discharged into cross flow are studied by a 3D numerical model, which is developed to model the particle-fluid two-phase flow. The Eulerian method with the modified k-ε parameterization of turbulence for the fluid phase is used to solve fluid phase, while a Lagrangian method for the solid phase (particles), both the processes are coupled through the momentum sources. In the model the wake turbulence induced by particles has been included as additional source term in the k-ε model; and the variable drift velocities of the particles are treated efficiently by the Lagrangian method in which the particles are tracked explicitly and the diffusion process is approximated by a random walk model. The hydrodynamic behavior of dumping a cloud of particles is governed by the total buoyancy of the cloud, the drag force on each particle and the velocity of cross-flow. The computed results show a roughly linear relationship between the displacement of the frontal position and the longitudinal width of the particle cloud. The particle size in the cloud and the velocity of cross flow dominate the flow behavior. The computed results are compared with the results of laboratory experiments and satisfactory agreement is obtained.     

大陆岩石圈在张裂和分离时的变形模式

通过对南海南北共轭边缘地壳剖面的对比研究,发现大陆岩石圈的物理性质是分层的：上、中地壳呈脆性,下地壳表现出塑性,而岩石圈上地幔则仍呈脆性。因此,在它受张性应力场作用时,其变形和破裂分离方式也是分层进行的：上、中地壳能发生犁式断裂,产生的断块沿断面转动在地表产生一系列半地堑,并使地壳厚度减薄;如拉张应力继续作用时,上、中地壳将沿犁式断裂被拉开,从而形成上、下板块边缘,并彼此分开。下地壳则发生塑性变形,使地壳厚度减薄,并最终将其拉断。岩石圈上地幔亦可产生陡倾断裂,形成的断块沿断面转动亦使其厚度减薄,并最终沿陡倾断裂被拉断。这就是我们称之为岩石圈变形和破裂分 离时的分层变形及分层破裂分离模式。     

探索墨西哥湾深水沉积的超高压和流体流动过程与机理--IODP308航次钻探成果

墨西哥湾深水区发育有典型的浊流沉积，长期以来就以独特的被动边缘浊积类型闻名于世。由密西西比河带来的大量碎屑物在河口外形成巨厚泥砂层，快速沉积造成上陆坡特别不稳定，所以塌坡或崩塌事件经常发生，引起迭繁的浊流活动。松散的浅水碎屑物往往随浊流被搬运到陆坡或更深的深水区，造成大规模的再沉积。塌坡事件及其引发的浊流活动存在较大的随机性及其对沉积物造成的分选性，直接控制了墨西哥湾深水区沉积物中的流体流动以至油气生成，使其成为目前世界上富含油气的三大海区之一。但沉积砂层所伴生的超高压常常造成“井喷”，使油气探采难度加大，成本增高，连年来使有关石油公司损失惨重，也给科学界提出了急需解决的科学问题。为什么墨西哥湾深水区超高压现象这么普通？超高压区的流体流动规律有什么特征？它受什么机理控制？浊流沉积跟气候变化有联系吗？是否受冰期／间冰期旋回的影响？     

基于塑性极限分析理论和神经网络响应面的结构系统可靠性分析

根据多层神经网络映射存在定理，提出了基于神经网络响应面和塑性极限分析理论的结构系统可靠性分析的新方法。数值试验表明，该方法可以快速、高质量地求出结构系统可靠性指标，是一个具有发展前景的新方法。     

Second-Order Solutions for Random lnterfacial Waves Under Steady Uniform Currents

In the present research, the study of Song (2004) for random interracial waves in two-layer fluid is extended to the case of fluids moving at different steady uniform speeds. The equations describing the random displacements of the density interface and the associated velocity potentials in two-layer fluid are solved to the second order, and the wave-wave interactions of the wave components and the interactions between the waves and currents are described. As expected, the extended solutions include those obtained by Song (2004) as one special case where the steady uniform currents of the two fluids are taken as zero, and the solutions reduce to those derived by Sharma and Dean (1979) for random surface waves if the density of the upper fluid and the current of the lower fluid are both taken as zero.     

流动注射-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定海洋沉积物样品中痕量铅

铅是一种具有累积性的有害元素,是海洋监测调查中沉积物介质的必测元素之一,常用测定方法有双硫腙分光光度法、火焰原子吸收光谱法、无火焰原子吸收光谱法等[1],前两种方法灵敏度较低,测定时一般需要预富集,操作较繁琐;后一种方法虽然灵敏度高,但仪器昂贵,对操作人员要求高.氢化物发生原子荧光法由于灵敏度高、检出限低且线性范围宽,在铅的分析中日益被重视.