GPS技术在超高层建筑施工监测中的应用

超高层建筑施工监测属于特高等级精密工程测量范畴,将GPS技术应用于测量基准复核和施工控制点外符合检核,提高了施工测量成果的可靠性和准确性。     

Identification of modal parameters of a 600-m-high skyscraper from field vibration tests

Accurate prediction of the dynamic responses of a high-rise building subjected to dynamic loads such as earthquake and wind excitations requires the information of its structural dynamic properties such as modal parameters including natural frequencies and damping ratios. This paper presents the identification results of the modal parameters based on field vibration tests on a 600-m high skyscraper. A set of tests, including ambient vibration test (AVT) and free vibration test (FVT), were conducted on the skyscraper to identify its modal parameters. Firstly, this paper presents and discusses the modal parameters of the skyscraper assessed by several identification methods applied to the AVT measurements. These methods include the wavelet transform (WT) method, the stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method, and the random decrement technique (RDT). Secondly, an active mass damper (AMD) system with total mass 1000 tons equipped into the skyscraper was used to excite the building for estimation of the modal parameters by FVT. Thirdly, this paper presents observations on the structural dynamic behavior of the skyscraper with the operation of the AMD system during a typhoon event. The field measurement results show that the AMD system functioned efficiently for suppression of the wind-induced vibrations of the skyscraper during the typhoon. This paper aims to further understand the structural dynamic properties of super-tall buildings and provide useful information for structural design and vibration control of future skyscrapers.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Hillslope Processes. Binghamton Symposia in Geomorphology International Series: 16. Athol D. Abrahams , ed. The Atlas of Central America and the Caribbean. The Diagram Group . The Cultural Atlas of Islam. Isma'il R. al Faruqi and Lois Lamaya'al Faruqi . Atlas of Israel Contemporary Africa: Development, Culture and the State. Morag Bell . Fundamentals of Physical Geography. David Briggs and Peter Smithson . The Bicentennial Census: New Directions for Methodology in 1990. Constance F. Citro and Michael L. Cohen , eds . World Patterns of Modern Urban Change: Essays in Honor of Chauncy D. Harris. Michael P. Conzen , ed . New Directions for Agriculture and Agricultural Research: Neglected Dimensions and Emerging Alternatives. Kenneth A. Dahlberg , ed . Water Resources Atlas of Florida. E.A. Fernald and D.J. Patton , eds . Landscape Ecology. R.T.T. Forman and M. Godron . The Myth of the North American City: Continentalism Challenged. Michael Goldberg and John Mercer . The Permafrost Environment. Stuart A. Harris . Climate and Circulation of the Tropics. Stefan Hastenrath . The Island of South Georgia. Robert Headland . The Making of Urban Europe, 1000-1950. Paul M. Hohenberg and Lynn Hollen Lees . Bombay in Transition: The Growth and Social Ecology of a Colonial City, 1889–1980. Meera Kosambi . Plant Closings; Public or Private Choices? Richard B. McKenzie , ed . Malaysia: Tradition, Modernity and Islam. R.S. Milne and Diane K. Mauzy . Technology on the Frontier: Mining in Old Ontario. Dianne Newell . The Maritime Political Boundaries of the World. J.R.V. Prescott . Tall Office Buildings in the United States. James W. Pygman and Richard Kateley (Real Estate Research Corporation). Technology, Regions, and Policy. John Rees , ed . The United States and the Regional Organization of Asia and the Pacific: 1965-1985. W.W. Rostow . Renewable Energy: Progress, Prospects. Stephen W. Sawyer Wisconsin Foundations. Gwen Schultz . Dwelling, Place and Environment: Towards a Phenomenology of Person and World. David Seamon and Robert Mugerauer , eds . Power and Place: Canadian Urban Development in the North American Context. Gilbert A. Stelter and Alan F.J. Artibise , eds . Small Firms in Regional Economic Development: Britain, Ireland and the United States. D. J. Storey , ed . Mathematical Methods in Human Geography and Planning. A. G. Wilson and R. J. Bennett . El Niño North: Niño Effects on the Eastern Subarctic Pacific Ocean. W. S. Wooster and D. L. Fluharty , eds . The Soviet Iron and Steel Industry. Craig ZumBrunnen and Jeffrey Osleeb .     

昆明高(超高)层建筑环境振动特性实测与统计分析

对昆明16栋典型钢筋混凝土高层建筑物的振动特征(包括建筑物的固有频率、振型和阻尼比)进行观测与分析,对地震响应数值模拟研究,获取实测高层建筑物第一至第三振型及结构,计算第一至第二振型自振周期结果,采用数学线性回归方法,模拟得到昆明高(超高)层建筑结构实测第一至三振型和计算第一至第二振型周期公式,为类似建筑结构的设计提供经验和依据。     

超高层建筑风荷载计算中的振型函数

在我国高层建筑建筑规范中关于风荷载计算中有一振型函数表达式Φ_z=tan(π(Z/H)~(0.7)/4),这一公式在计算风荷载中被广泛采用。作者在对金茂大厦风振位移的观测和研究中,发现该公式与实际观测的结果不符。本研究给出金茂大厦这样的超高层建筑物的实测振型函数表达式:给出与建筑规范不同的风荷载振型函数,供建筑界参考;积累超高层建筑风振振型函数样本,以便在规范中给出符合实际振型函数的表达式,提高风荷载计算精度,设计出既经济又抗强风的超高层建筑。     

桩基高层建筑施工中的沉降测量

结合两幢位于山坡且楼体外有隔热保温敷层的桩基高层住宅楼施工测量,探讨了桩基高层建筑施工中的沉降测量及数据处理分析方法;对沉降观测中需要特别注意的若干问题进行了分析探讨,特别指出了:相对于普通的沉降测量,由于某些桩基可能受到上拔力的作用,基准点的稳定性更重要,其布设应更科学慎重;一些不依赖于基准点的数据处理和分析方法可能会导致错误的分析结果。分析结果也为研究滩涂、湿地、软土地区常见的桩基础建(构)筑物随荷载的变化提供了一个具体参考例证。