石花菜人工育苗的试验

作者总结了前人的经验提出:在常温条件下利用日光进行育苗。试验的重点是提高幼苗的大小与防除附着物的方法。采用从育苗基质、采孢子时期、室内短期培育及下海育苗一系列新方法,结合人工洗刷技术等多方面措施,当年获得:每cm苗绳上出1cm以上大小的幼苗5株以上的结果。这样大小的幼苗比较容易养成,达到实用阶段,所以提出一套采孢子育苗的工艺流程。这是石花菜人工育苗的最好记录。     

Changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under the interaction between sunlight and phosphate in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary

We conducted ship-board incubation experiments to investigate changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under different phosphate concentrations and irradiances in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent waters in China. Under 100% natural irradiance the uptake rates of phosphate, silicate, and nitrate were accelerated at high phosphate levels （1.84 μM）, while under low irradiance （about 50% natural irradiance） their uptake rates were restrained at the high but stimulated greatly at the intermediate phosphate concentrations （1.26 μM）, as the growth of phytoplankton, changes in nitrite and ammonium uptake didn＇t follow an obvious pattern. Our results also showed that there were linear relationships between nitrate, silicate and phosphate uptake at different phosphate concentrations under low and high irradiances, and the growth period of phytoplankton was prolonged both at the high phosphate concentrations under high irradiance and at the intermediate concentrations under low irradiance, suggesting that the limitation of phytoplankton growth mainly reflected changes in its growth period, and because no such environment （low irradiance and low phosphate concentrations） actually existed in a high turbidity zone, phytoplankton blooms hardly occurred there. In the absence of irradiance, denitrification occurred readily and phytoplankton was kept decreasing, which resulted in phosphate regeneration.     

如何提高电脑鼠标灵敏度

现代社会计算机在日常事务中应用极为广泛 ,如果用一个反应迟钝、不听指挥的鼠标 ,则会给自己带来许多不便。若知其然 ,且知其所以然 ,则问题就迎刃而解。以老鼠命名的鼠标有两怕 :一怕脏 ,鼠标使用一段时间后 ,鼠标球及其相接触的传动轴上就会板结尘垢 ,从而降低鼠标球与传动轴的灵敏度 ,当移动鼠标时屏幕上的光标反应迟钝 ,很难定位 ;二怕光 ,由于鼠标是通过鼠标球带动两个传动轴上的栅格轮转动 ,将发光二级管的光线分割后接收 ,从而对鼠标的移动进行定位 ,所以有强光照射时 (比如阳光 ) ,就会影响光敏元件的功能 ,造成鼠标反应迟钝 ,不听…     

野外地质实习工作中突发伤病的预防及紧急处理

本文针对我校北京周口店实习站在野外工作中意外务病的发生，着重提出了对突发外伤，中署，鼻出血的预防及紧急处理。     

日光诱导叶绿素荧光辐射传输模型研究进展

日光诱导叶绿素荧光(SIF)是指示植被光合作用过程的无损探针，在不同时空尺度上对植被进行SIF的观测可以反映植被的实际光合作用及生理状态。然而在观测、分析和利用SIF的过程中，仍存在很多不确定因素。SIF的发生具有较为复杂的机理，从机理出发理解SIF与植被结构的相互作用，并分析影响SIF激发的主要因素将有助于更好地理解SIF与光合作用以及生物量的内在联系。因此，植被SIF辐射传输模型在解释和利用SIF遥感信号方面具有重要的作用。植被SIF信号相对较弱，且受环境、植被和生理等多种因子的影响，需要定量化描述，这为SIF辐射传输模型的构建带来挑战。近年来，大量学者已经发展一系列SIF辐射传输模型，为SIF遥感的发展提供了坚实的理论基础。本文回顾了叶片、冠层和生态系统尺度的SIF模型，从建模机理出发，对比模型优劣势，并对未来SIF模型的发展前景进行了展望。     

日光火山区大地电磁的初步模拟：火山侵入引起流体圈闭的潜在破坏

在日光火山区收集了周期为０．０１－１０ｓ范围的大地电磁（ＭＴ）测深数据。阻抗数据沿区域走向Ｎ０°Ｅ进行分解,利用含有记漂移 二维反演进行分析解释。模型的主要特点是：（１）南部８ｋｍ深的良导体与地震Ｓ波反射体一致;（２）北部５ｋｍ深的良导体与地震波衰减带一致;（３）中间的同阻带与航磁数据推断的磁性体一致。两个良导体可能表示在４００℃左右的圈闭游离水。中间高阻体表示火山体,火山体浸入地壳可能破坏圈闭游     

叶绿素荧光遥感在陆地生态系统碳循环和陆气相互作用中的应用研究进展

陆地生态系统通过植被光合作用可以吸收约30％的人为碳排放,在全球碳循环、减缓大气二氧化碳浓度上升等方面具有重要作用。最近10年发展起来的日光诱导叶绿素荧光遥感技术,可以监测植被实际光合作用,为全球陆地生态系统碳循环的研究提供了新的思路和方法。本文回顾了叶绿素荧光遥感产品发展及其在陆地生态系统碳循环和陆气相互作用中的应用研究进展,特别是在全球植被总初级生产力估算和陆地生态系统碳循环模型发展方面的进展,并进一步讨论了该领域研究面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。     

Wavelet Analysis of the Schwabe Cycle Properties in Solar Activity

Properties of the Schwabe cycles in solar activity are investigated by using wavelet transform. We study the main range of the Schwabe cycles of the solar activity recorded by relative sunspot numbers, and find that the main range of the Schwabe cycles is the periodic span from 8-year to 14-year. We make the comparison of 11-year‘s phase between relative sunspot numbers and sunspot group numbers. The results show that there is some difference between two phases for the interval from 1710 to 1810, while the two phases are almost the same for the interval from 1810 to 1990.     

地表“矿物膜”中锐钛矿-β-胡萝卜素协同增强日光响应特性研究

为探究"矿物膜"中半导体矿物与光合色素间的日光响应协同作用,对采自安徽潜山市郊的"矿物膜"样品进行了矿物组成和色素组成分析。同步辐射X射线粉末衍射测定表明,样品富含锐钛矿、赤铁矿等半导体矿物;拉曼光谱证实其中存在地表广泛分布的光合色素:β-胡萝卜素。在此基础上开展锐钛矿-β-胡萝卜素协同增强日光响应模拟实验。合成锐钛矿电极并对其进行系统的矿物学表征,紫外-可见漫反射吸收谱计算其禁带宽度约为3.07 eV;莫特-肖特基计算得到的平带电位约为-0.16 V,载流子浓度约为3.25×1026 cm-3;光电化学测试结果显示其具有一定可见光光电转化能力。经β-胡萝卜素敏化处理后,锐钛矿电极平均光电流密度提升了400%,在425~550 nm间光吸收值提高,该波段位于日光辐射能量集中的波长范围内,且与β-胡萝卜素吸收范围吻合,表明二者间存在日光吸收及光电响应协同增强作用。     

A Correlation between Proton Events and Ha Flares and its Possible Interpretation

Comparing space proton event data obtained during 1970-1980 with their identified Ha flare signatures we discover a peculiar correlation between them,according to which weak and small Ha flares can also produce proton events, and we reveal a characteristic “triangle” distribution of Ha flares accompanying proton events. In order to explain such feature of proton events, we accept the acceleration mechanism by DC electric field. To deduce the parallel electric field we use the electric current helicity (or force-free parameter α) determined by the Huairou vector magnetograph. A comparison of E|| with E⊥ shows that the former is negligible in flaring sites. We show that in the flaring current sheet ion-anisotropy is generated, and it, in turn, gives rise to ion-anisotropic instability which competes with electric acceleration to give one possibility: the acceleration by DC electric field or annihilation of the built-up energy. The competition of DC acceleration and ionanisotropic instability annihilation in the current sheet gives a possible explanation for the above-mentioned “triangle” character of the distribution.