“Cretaceous black flysch” in the Pieniny Klippen Belt, West Carpathians: a case of geological misinterpretation

This is a critical assessment of the paper by Oszczypko et al. (2004: Cretaceous Research 25, 89–113), in which they tried to prove a mid-Cretaceous age for the Szlachtowa (“black flysch”) and Opaleniec Formations, in the Pieniny Klippen Belt, West Carpathians, both of which had previously been shown to be of Jurassic age. We argue that the mid-Cretaceous age assignment is a misinterpretation, primarily resulting from their field samples having been collected from some Cretaceous lithostratigraphic units, tectonically associated with the Jurassic formations, and/or from tectonic contact-breccias involving Jurassic and Cretaceous strata. In addition, we suggest that they have overlooked a number of significant palaeontological papers, published since 1962, which record the presence of in situ ammonites, aptychi, belemnites, thin-shelled bivalves (Bositra), gryphaeids, foraminifera, and ostracod assemblages, all indicating a Jurassic (mainly Aalenian), and not a Cretaceous, age for the Szlachtowa Formation, and also the in situ Jurassic (Bajocian) ammonites and thin-shelled bivalves (Bositra), Bositra-microfacies, and age-diagnostic foraminiferal assemblages of the Opaleniec Formation.Our presentation here of recently published dinocyst data from well-preserved assemblages further supports the Jurassic ages for the Szlachtowa (“black flysch”) and Opaleniec Formations.     

低聚合羟基铁离子-蒙脱石复合体吸附砷的实验研究

将提纯的钙蒙脱石与羟基铁离子溶液作用，制备了低聚合羟基铁－蒙脱石复合体，用化学分析，电子探针分析，粉晶X射线衍射分析，差热分析和穆斯堡尔谱分析等手段。对蒙脱石原样，低聚合羟基铁－蒙脱石复合体和相同条件下制备的铁的含水氧化物进行了表征。在实际土壤的酸度（pH=4-7)和温度（18－40℃）条件下，进行了低聚合羟基铁－蒙脱石复合体吸附有害元素砷的实验，探讨了复合体的砷吸附能力与pH值，温度，吸附时间，砷初始浓度，离子强度间的关系，并与蒙脱石和铁的含水氧化物的砷吸附行为进行了对比，研究表明，在实验条件下，低聚合羟基铁－蒙脱石复合体对砷具有明显的亲合力，低聚合羟基铁－蒙脱石复合体吸附砷的过程有可能是地表岩石和土壤中重要的地球化学过程，是影响砷地地表，特别是土壤中迁移，富集的重要因素。     

赣南中侏罗世流纹岩地球化学及成因研究：上地壳成因的的微量元素和Pb-Nd-Sr同位素地球化学制约

江西南部龙南-寻邬地区余田群菖蒲组的流纹岩形成于中侏罗世(164．8．1Ma～174．9Ma)，为双峰式火山岩组合的酸性端元，属弱过铝质(ACNK平均为1．04)钙碱性系列(σ平均为1．90)。稀土元素含量高(平均为278．9μg/g)，轻稀土富集(IMH平均为7．94)，Eu亏损中等(δEu平均为0．41)。微量元素以富集Rb，Ba，Th，U，Zr，Y，Pb，而亏损Sr，Nb为特征。Pb，Nd，Sr同位素组成为：(^206Pb/^204Pb)t=17．89～18．58，(^207Pb/^204Pb)t=15．58～15．70，(^208Pb/^204Pb)t=37．94～38．82；εNd(t)=-7．44～-11．9；ISr=0．71126～0．71228。对赣南流纹岩微量元素采用蛛网图和模糊聚类分析方法进行对比研究的结果及Pb-Nd-Sr同位素相关特征为其上地壳成因提供了地球化学佐证。赣南流纹岩是由进入上地壳内高位岩浆房的石英拉斑玄武岩浆的底侵作用直接使上地壳部分熔融形成的产物。     

湘东北燕山期陆内碰撞造山带金多金属成矿地球化学

文章采用微量元素(包括稀土元素)地球化学示踪方法，着重讨论了金大规模成矿的物质来源、含矿流体来源及含矿流体运移的能量问题。认为湘东北地区金多金属矿床成矿物质和含矿流体具多来源，大规模花岗质岩浆活动能为成矿元素的活化和成矿流体运移提供巨量能源；成矿物质一部分源于深部含矿热液，可能与富铅、富氯、中高温(320℃左右)、相对还原的酸性环境下的气成热液有关，而冷家溪群及相关地层金多金属成矿物质在热液活动和动力变质作用下的活化迁移有利于金多金属的大规模成矿。侏罗纪以来，岩石圈地球动力学转折及伴随的热液作用和动力变质作用对区内金多金属成矿起重要的作用，而岩浆作用、动力作用和/或热液活动影响程度的可能差异，导致了金多金属矿床具有不同的成矿特点。     

The Scientific Conceptual Framework for Ecological Quality of the Dryland Ecosystem: Concepts,Indicators, Monitoring and Assessment

The dryland ecosystem is the dominant component of the global terrestrial ecosystem since arid regions occupy 45% of the earth’s land area and feed 38% of the world's population. The stability and sustainable development of the dryland ecosystem are critical for achieving the millennium development goal (MDG) in the arid and semiarid areas. However, there is still no scientific guideline for measuring and conserving the health and productivity of dryland ecosystems. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop the scientific conceptual framework of defining, monitoring and evaluating the ecological quality of dryland ecosystems. The ecological quality of dryland ecosystems is represented by a system of comprehensive indicators that are each extracted from the ecological elements, and structural and functional indices of the ecosystem. These indicators can be monitored by integrating satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles with ground-based sensor networks at the scale of either observational sites or regional scales. Finally, the ecological quality can be evaluated by evaluation models based on the normalized index values and their thresholds. This paper presents a conceptual framework for monitoring and evaluating the ecological quality of drylands, which provides a way of advancing the monitoring, diagnosis, and evaluation of the ecological quality of the dryland ecosystems.     

基于NGM(1,1,k,c)模型和改进切线角的危岩变形预测

针对危岩变形预测问题,本文以非齐次指数序列的灰色模型(NGM)作为危岩变形预测的基本模型,通过对望霞危岩变形的分析结果显示,NGM(1,1,k,c)模型拟合效果明显优于GM(1,1)模型,说明危岩变形趋势更接近于非齐次指数序列。利用NGM(1,1,k,c)模型结合改进切线角可对危岩变形趋势进行分析预测,可作为危岩稳定性和发展趋势的评估依据。     

流速仪信号采集系统设计

介绍了流速仪检定系统的工作原理,分析流速仪信号特点和采集难点,针对流速仪信号受外界干扰信号波形复杂问题,设计信号采集硬件调理电路。针对流速仪信号周期多样性问题,对测频法和测周法进行误差分析和比较,确定在不同速度区间使用不同软件滤波的方法。通过硬件调理电路及软件滤波仿真验证,证明设计的可行性,可有效提高流速仪信号采集的精度,并在单片机平台上完成了硬件设计。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

富钆镝易解石的发现

该矿物产于铀钍混合矿化的中粗粒黑云母花岗岩中。本文研究了产状、共生矿物、结晶特性、物理及化学性质并与易解石、钍易解石、铀易解石、钇易解石等作了对比。该矿物铀、钍、铅等含量均较高,在稀土含量中,钆、镝含量高达稀土总量的27％,故定名富钆镝易解石。     

对江西晚白垩世赣州群茅店组的重新厘定

根据1：5万区调最新成果资料，对《江西省岩石地层》中的赣州群茅店组进行了重新厘定，在原茅店组正层型剖面上，识别出了5种不同性质的沉积界面，即沉积不整合界面、超覆不整合界面、平行不整合界面、相转变面、同相叠复面，从而将原茅店组划分为两个不同的组级岩石地层单位。按照岩石地层单位的命名原则，超覆不整合面之下的原茅店组中下部层位划归赣州群茅店组，其中发育的一套玄武岩－火山碎屑沉积岩组合单独划出，新建为陈坑火山岩段；超覆不整合面之上的原茅店组上部层位的粗碎屑沉积岩，则划归晚白垩世灌溪群宏冈组。重新厘定的茅店组仅相当于原正层型茅店组的中、下部层位，且可细分为下段、陈坑火山岩段和上段。