The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

热带风暴热力非对称结构对其运动的影响

研究了热力非对称结构对0421号热带风暴"海马(Haima)"的移动和强度变化的影响。通过物理量场诊断分析发现,热带风暴(气旋)的热力结构在垂直、水平方向均呈非对称分布。热力因子对热带风暴的影响,主要体现在低层。热带风暴朝其移向前方的风暴内部的非绝热增温中心偏折,并有向此方向加速的趋势。了解热带风暴的热力结构分布特征及其对热带风暴移动的影响,对短期预报热带风暴的移动有一定的指示意义。     

Hydro-climatic variability and forest fires in Mexico’s northern temperate forests

Global warming is likely modifying the hydrological cycle of forested watersheds. This report set as objectives to: a) assess the hydrological variables interception loss, I, potential and actual evapo-transpiration, E, Et, runoff, Q, and soil moisture content, θ; b) evaluate whether these variables are presenting consistent trends or oscillations that can be associated to global warming or climate variability; and c) relate θ to the number of wildfires and the burned area in Durango, Mexico. A mass balance approach estimated daily variables of the water cycle using sub-models for I and Et to calculate Q and θ for a time series from 1945 to 2007. Regression and auto-regressive and moving averaging (ARIMA) techniques evaluated the statistical significance of trends. The cumulative standardized z value magnified and ARIMA models projected statistically similar monthly and annual time series data of all variables of the water cycle. Regression analysis and ARIMA models showed monthly and annual P, I, E, and Et, Q, and θ do not follow consistent up or downward linear tendencies over time with statistical significance; they rather follow oscillations that could be adequately predicted by ARIMA models (r² ≥ 0.70). There was a consistent statistical association (p ≤ 0.05) of θ with the number of wildfires and the area burned regardless of the different spatial scales used in evaluating these variables. The analysis shows seasonal variability is increasing over time as magnifying pulses of dryness and wetness, which may be the response of the hydrological cycle to climate change. Further research must center on using longer time series data, testing seasonal variability with additional statistical analysis, and incorporating new variables in the analysis.     

GPS导航仪在测绘工程中的应用

通过以GARMIN GPS导航仪为例，介绍了导航仪的主要功能特点、参数设置等，并对其在测绘工程中的应用进行了探讨。     

中国互联网产业发展的区域差异及其动态演进——基于生产和消费的视角

进入21世纪以来,中国的互联网事业飞速发展。无论是网民规模还是网站数量,都有了较大幅度的增长。本文基于互联网产业的生产与消费两个方面,利用锡尔系数和集中化指数等方法,对2000年至2009年中国(不包括港澳台地区)31个省(市、区)的互联网产业发展状况进行了一系列研究。结果发现:中国互联网产业发展的区域差异仍然十分显著,但消费层面的省际差异明显小于生产层面,而且消费层面差异缩小的幅度也明显大于生产层面。同时,从空间来看,东部地区的变化显著,大部分省市有了较大发展,但中西部地区的大部分省份仍处于低消费一低生产的状况。     

正弦干扰下时滞系统的状态预测观测器与前馈-反馈预测控制器设计

研究控制变量含有时滞的线性系统在外部正弦干扰下的最优减振预测控制问题。利用系统的控制向量和被控对象的预测输出向量 ,设计了 1种全维状态预测观测器。并将该状态观测器用于时滞控制系统的最优前馈 -反馈预测控制中。频域分析表明 ,应用该状态预测观测器可将闭环系统的时滞项移至系统闭环结构之外 ,从而其优化控制规律完全可以按无时滞系统进行设计。时域分析表明 ,设计的预测控制器对外部正弦干扰有较强的鲁棒性 ,得到的结果关于二次型平均性能指标是次优的     

南海表面浮力通量、水型变性及南海"暖水"的消长分析

利用英国南安普敦海洋中心(SOC)海-气界面的热量和淡水通量资料以及世界大洋图集(WOA01)的海面温度和盐度资料计算了南海表面各月的有效浮力通量及水型变性矢量场,分析了南海表层暖水形成和发展的季节性特征。研究结果表明,南海表层暖水的发展、维持以及消亡在很大程度上受到海洋表层浮力通量的影响;此外,南海上层水体密度的垂直结构和变化也深受表面浮力通量和表层水型变性的影响。在中、北部,南海的垂向结构季节性变化较为明显,其中冬季表层水体的下沉强度最大,深度最深,而夏季表层水体却无下沉趋势。     

新建建筑物防雷装置施工常见问题剖析

介绍了新建建筑物防雷装置施工中,接闪器施工、电涌保护器安装选型、接地装置敷设中存在的问题,结合建筑物防雷设计规范,剖析存在问题的原因.     

基于结构特征的地图信息识别与提取

叙述了基于结构特征的地图信息识别与提取的方法 ,讨论了收缩变换、扩张变换、细化、Hough变换、RLS变换和特征点提取等各种特征提取算法。     

液动贯通式冲击器用于水力反循环连续取心钻进

将液动贯通式冲击器同水力反循环连续取心钻进工艺相结合,较好地解决了岩心卡堵问题,提高了钻进效率及钻头寿命,具有很好的应用前景。