Ubuntu nests and the emergence of an African metropolis

Cities are not homogenous sociocultural entities. The city of Nairobi exhibits the phenomena of ‘cities within cities’ and ‘African city forms’. Social and economic forms of African, western and Asian cities compete for space within Nairobi. This paper refers to the African city form as the ‘African metropolis’, which exhibits the African logic, norms and values in its architecture and human social relations. The African metropolis is made up of slums, urbanized villages, self‐developed urban fringes and indigenous markets. In urban literature, these spaces are referred to as informal or unplanned settlements. As drivers of this African form of urbanism, traders and artisans use the African logic, norms and values in the construction of the African metropolis. The traders and artisans contribute to the African metropolis, by hiring labour and investing surplus earnings, and are bonded into Ubuntu communities of family, friendship and ethnicity. The paper is based on data gathered through a questionnaire survey of traders and artisans. It contributes to urban theory, by showing how less dominant and subtle forces contribute to city‐forming processes. I propose the concept of cultural villages as a strategy for blending African logic, norms and values with those of global urban planning.     

Ubuntu系统平台的GAMIT／GLOBK 10．35安装详解

GAMIT／GLOBK是全球应用最广泛的GPS数据分析软件之一，多安装于Linux操作系统。由于Linux版本众多，使得该软件的安装很复杂。虽然介绍安装方法的文章很多，但是实践中仍会遇到很多问题。本文讲述了以Ubuntu桌面版构建系统平台，在有网络的支持下，安装、更新最新版GAMIT／GLOBK10．35的详细过程，并以实例检验安装是否成功。     

GAMIT/GLOBK 10.40在Ubuntu10.10系统下安装详解

GAMIT/GLOBK是一套高精度GPS数据处理分析软件,多安装于Linux操作系统。由于Linux版本众多,使得该软件的安装复杂。实践中仍会遇到很多问题。在总结前人安装GAMIT的经验基础上介绍以Ubuntu桌面版构建系统平台,在网络的支持下,安装、更新最新版GAMIT/GLOBK10.40的详细过程,并运行GAMIT检验安装是否成功。     

基于便携式Ubuntu的GAMIT安装与使用

针对当前各种Linux环境下GAMIT安装的特点和常见问题进行对比分析,详细介绍了基于Portable Ubuntu的GAMIT安装和使用技巧,经实例验证,系统运行流畅稳定且具备可携式软件免安装直接拷贝使用的优点,适合广大初学者选用。