地心非旋转坐标系中的TWSTT计算模型

根据卫星双向时间传递(TWSTT)的基本原理，详细推导了地心非旋转坐标系中TWSTT的计算模型．并与地固系中的计算模型进行了分析比较，证明了两种计算模型在0．1ns亚纳秒量级上的等价性。     

Local Oscillator Distribution Using A Geostationary Satellite

A satellite communication system suitable for distribution of local oscillator reference signals for a widely spaced microwave array has been developed and tested experimentally. The system uses a round-trip correction method to remove effects of atmospheric fluctuations and radial motion of the satellite. This experiment was carried out using Telstar-5, a commercial Ku-band geostationary satellite. A typical Ku-band satellite has uplink and downlink capacity at 14–14.5 GHz and 11.7–12.2 GHz, respectively. For this initial experiment, both earth stations were located at the same site to facilitate direct comparison of the received signals. The local oscillator reference frequency was chosen to be 300 MHz and was sent as the difference between two Ku-band tones. The residual error after applying the round trip correction has been measured to be better than 3 ps for integration times ranging from 1 to 2000 s. For integration times greater than 500 s, the system outperforms a pair of hydrogen masers with the limitation believed to be ground-based equipment phase stability. The idea of distributing local oscillators using a geostationary satellite is not new; several researchers experimented with this technique in the eighties, but the achieved accuracy was 3 to 100 times worse than the present results. Since then, the cost of both leased satellite bandwidth and the Ku-band ground equipment has dropped substantially and the performance of various components has improved. An important factor is the availability of narrow bands which can be leased on a communications satellite. We lease three 100 kHz bands at approximately one hundredth the cost of a full 36 MHz-wide transponder. Further tests of the system using terminals separated by large distances and comparison tests with two hydrogen masers and radio interferometry of astronomical objects are needed.     

利用卫星进行双向时间传递

介绍了利用卫星进行双向时间传递方法的原理（TWSTT），包括了电离层延时误差、卫星转发时延、接收机和发射机时延和相对论效应修正误差。作者使用昆明站和临潼站的观测数据进行处理。得到高精度的时间比对。     

卫星双向时间比对及其误差分析

介绍了卫星双向时间比对(TwsTT)方法的发展过程及其基本原理，讨论了TwsTT的误差源，分析了各误差源对比对精度的影响。得出影响TwSTT精度的主要误差源为设备时延误差和路径传播时延误差，而由于卫星和地面站运动引起的误差相对较小，从而给出了实际应用时不同比对精度下需要考虑的误差源及对误差源的精度要求。