热带大西洋年际和年代际变率的时空结构模拟

使用美国夏威夷大学发展的中等复杂程度海洋模式(IOM)在给定表面强迫条件下模拟了热带大西洋上层海洋年际和年代际变率的时空结构.利用NCEP的41a(1958～1998年)逐月平均表面资料作为强迫场,积分海洋模式41a作为控制试验,并利用模式分别做动量(风应力)通量和热量通量无异常变化的平行试验,与控制试验作比较.对3组试验模拟上层海洋变率状况的比较,并按年际和年代际时间尺度分别分析,揭示表面风应力和热通量异常对海表面温度和温跃层深度变化的影响,并比较了其影响的相对重要性.结果表明模式成功地模拟出了热带大西洋上层海洋的变率.模式模拟的海表面温度年际变化主要表现为弱ENSO型,年代际变化表现为南、北大西洋变化相反的偶极子型.在年际时间尺度上,热力强迫和动力强迫对海表温度变化都有贡献,其中赤道外海表面温度异常(SSTA)变化主要由热通量异常引起,而近赤道SSTA的变化主要由动量异常强迫引起.在年代际时间尺度上,热通量强迫的作用远比动量强迫重要.模式不仅能够模拟SST在年际和年代际时间尺度上的变率,还能够模拟温跃层深度在年际和年代际时间尺度上的变率.年际和年代际时间尺度上,温跃层深度的变率主要由动量异常决定,热通量异常强迫的贡献很小.     

GLONASS导航电文介绍

主要介绍GLONASS导航电文的结构、内容、参数、定义及意义，GLONASS与GPS导航电文的异同。     

精密引潮位展开及某些诠释

作者再次改进了引潮位展开,潮波振幅给到小数后第六位,共3070个潮波.文中论述了引潮位展开的精度,同时给出为了保证潮汐计算的高精度而所需引入的各项改正及其说明.     

Statistical features of aftershock distribution size for moderate and large earthquakes in Chinese mainland

Based on data of earthquake sequences with MS≥5.0 in Chinese mainland from 1970 to 2004,for different se-quence types and different rupture modes of the main shock,the relationship between aftershock distribution size Rand the magnitude of the main shock M0 has been studied statistically.Considering the rupture mode of the mainshock,we give the quantitative statistical relationships between R and M0 under 95%confidence level for differentsequence types.Qualitatively,lgR,the logarithm of the aftershock distribution size,is positively correlative to theM0,but the data distribution is dispersed.Viewing from different sequence types,the correlation between R and M0is very weak for isolated earthquake type(IET)sequence,R distributes in the range from 5 to 60 km;For main-shock-aftershock type(MAT),lgR is positively correlative to M0;For multiple main shock type(MMT),the core-lation between lgR and M0 is not very obvious when M0≤6.2 and R distributes in the range from 5 to 70 km,whileit shows a linear correlation when M0≥6.3.The statistical results also show that the occupational ratios of differentsequence types for strike-slip and oblique slip are almost the same.But for dip-slip(mostly are thrust mechanisms),the ratio of MAT is higher than that of IET and MMT.Comparing with previous results,it indicates that,when M0is large enough,R is mainly determined by M0 and there is almost no relationship with the rupture mode of themain shock.     

Galileo系统导航电文介绍

对Galileo卫星导航系统所要使用的导航电文进行介绍，详细介绍其导航电文的结构、内容、参数与相关定义，并对GPS和Galileo两种卫星导航系统所使用的导航电文的并同进行了比较。     

普强高性能混凝土受压应力-应变全曲线试验研究

通过普强高性能混凝土和普通混凝土的应力-应变全曲线试验研究，得到一系列应力-应变曲线。对普强高性能混凝土和普通混凝土的立方体抗压强度与棱柱体抗压强度的关系、棱柱体抗压强度与峰值应力所对应应变的关系及棱柱体抗压强度与初始弹性模量的关系进行了分析。结果表明，虽然普强高性能混凝土的力学性能与普通混凝土的力学性能存在一定的差别，但主要力学性能还是相似的。说明在不改变混凝土的力学性能的基础上通过对普通强度混凝土原材料的优选和配合比的优化能够提高混凝土的耐久性能。     

A culture-dependent survey of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Xiamen area in China

Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A culturedependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was performed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55—90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1), Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Strain 4), Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5), and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1.8—3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8), Sulfobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophiles, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodothermus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.     

干支回推-天文年代学的一种新方法

“干支回推法”是针对中国历史时期所特有的干支材料而设计的新天文年代学方法．以一组假设的材料为例,系统地给出了该方法的完整求解过程．指出该方法的优势在于准确高效,能有效地处理某些年代学难题．此外,除材料的公历日期外还能将当时的历法细节一同迭代解出．     

明嘉靖六年《大统历》历书的气朔推步精度

历书是历法的民用本.考察了明嘉靖六年(1527年)<大统历>历书,根据历书所颁朔日和节气时刻,以及先期恢复的<授时历>和<大统历>推步术,并利用现代天文历算结果,可考校得出:(1)历书所载朔日和节气日期、时刻确由<大统历>推得;(2)<大统历>与<授时历>推步结果存在差异,推朔平均差33.35 min或34.93 min,推气平均差86.40 min,且两者均有差1日现象;(3)<大统历>与现代推算合朔时刻的平均误差为24.50 min或44.03 min,与现代推算节气时刻的差平均为1.25 d,若扣除太阳中心差则节气推步的误差将减少到86.40 min.