黑龙江省金厂金矿床J0矿体流体地球化学研究

黑龙江省东宁县金厂金矿床是最新发现的特大型金矿床,目前探获黄金资源量86吨,它位于中亚造山带东端的吉黑成矿带,是与中生代中酸性岩浆活动有关的复杂成矿系统,矿化类型可能包括了斑岩型、爆破角砾岩型、浅成低温热液型.研究表明,高丽沟J0号矿体为爆破角砾岩型,热液成矿过程经历了早、中、晚3个阶段,分别形成以石英-黄铁矿、多金属硫化物-石英和碳酸盐为代表的矿物组合,中阶段矿物含自然金最多,次为早阶段矿物.初始成矿流体系统为高温、高盐度、高氧逸度、富CO2的岩浆热液;经减压沸腾,CO2等挥发分大量逸出,流体温度、盐度和氧逸度下降,导致大量金属硫化物及自然金快速沉淀;大气降水混入导致晚阶段流体低温、低盐度、贫CO2,对成矿贡献甚微.总体而言,成矿流体盐度高(11.70%～37.81%NaCl.eq),成矿作用发生在中-高温(238.3～425.7℃)的浅成环境(深633m～2736m).岩浆-流体成矿系统富CO2应发育于大陆碰撞造山带的伸展构造背景,而非大洋板块俯冲诱发的岩浆弧背景.     

滇西点苍山—哀牢山变质岩系锆石SHRIMP定年及其地质意义

滇西点苍山和哀牢山主体分别由下元古界苍山群和哀牢山群深变质岩系组成,被认为是前寒武纪结晶基底。选取点苍山的花岗闪长质糜棱岩(DCS-1)和哀牢山元江段黑云母花岗闪长质片麻岩(SM07-1)之中的锆石进行U-Pb SHRIMP定年。样品DCS-1和SM07-1测年结果分别为233±2.6Ma和239.8±2.8Ma。结合前人对滇西地区花岗质岩类所做的研究,揭示滇西地区在三叠纪经历一期在空间上广泛分布的岩浆事件,点苍山花岗质糜棱岩和哀牢山花岗质片麻岩的原岩为三叠纪侵位的花岗岩,其构造环境属于大陆裂谷,反映了滇西地区在三叠纪地壳物质的重新调整,而该变质岩系不是前寒武纪的结晶基底,其变质作用与山体出露地表过程和新生代构造作用有关。     

AN ANALYTICAL METHOD OF ULTRA-TRACE TELLURIUM FOR SAMPLES OF SEA-AND ENVIRONMENTAL-WATER

Tellurium is known to be a poisonous element to human health. In recent years,determination of trace tellurium has been attached great attention in connection with thewide application of its compounds and/or with environmental pollution. Literature citedreported the determination of ppb level tellurium in waste water and artificial watersamples by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. As the tellurium content in naturalwater is extremely low, there is not yet any sensitive analytical method for determination ofits background value in various natural water. In chemical oceanography, data abouttellurium content in seawater are rather scarce. This paper will summarize and evaluate a series of our investigations on the analytical     

乐亭发生特大渔业污染案渔民获赔1300多万元

2002年4月12日,天津海事法院对河北省乐亭特大渔业污染案做出一审判决,责令被告迁安第一造纸厂等9家单位连带赔偿原告乐亭18户渔民经济损失总计人民币1 365.97万元,立即停止侵害,不得再排放污水入海,消除继续污染原告养殖区域的危险。 接到判决书,原告对笔者表示说,他们“对     

冰川流域径流估算方法探索——以科其喀尔巴西冰川为例

利用科其喀尔巴西冰川2005年6月至2006年5月水文、气象资料,并结合15 m融合TM、1∶50000地形图、FY-2C数值产品和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,构建了10个简单、具有一定自主创新意义的分布式冰川融水径流模型(空间分辨率60 m),较好地模拟了研究冰川流域的日平均流量.结果表明,利用FY-2C总云量资料并结合辐射传输参数化方案能够较好地估算流域太阳入射短波辐射;单独利用总辐射有直接估算大型冰川流域某段时期融水径流的可能.气温与冰川末端流量呈指数关系,度日因子模型更适合于消融季节;提出的基于单元格气温和海拔的简单消融模型有望改进度日因子模型.在气温指数模型中加入太阳辐射调整系数,能够更好地估算冰川融水径流.简化分布式能量平衡模型能够反映大型冰川融水径流的变化;单层汇流方案在一定程度上能够概化托木尔型冰川的汇流过程.     

Structural Evolvement of Heating Treatment of Mg/AI-LDH and Preparation of Mineral Mesoporous Materials

Although hydrotalcite, or layered double hydroxides （LDHs）, is not a common mineral, it is an important material that can be easily synthesized in laboratory. In this study, structural evolvement and BET surface area changes of heat treated Mg/AI-LDH is evaluated by XRD, TEM and N2-BET analyses. The results indicate that the magnesium-aluminum LDH with carbonate as interlayer anion, periclase-like oxides was formed at temperatures of 400-800℃. Meanwhile, 2-3 nanometer mesoporous were formed during decomposition of LDH. However, the heat treated samples still preserve the morphology of the original LDH plates. Periclase-like formed from LDH heat treatment may re-hydrolyze and recover the structure of LDH. However, crystallinity of the recovered LDH is lower than that of the original LDH. This heat treatment will result in formation of （Mg, Al）-oxide nano-crystals and nanopores among the nano-crystals. When heating temperature exceeds 1000, the periclase-like （Mg, Al）-oxide is transformed into a composite with periclase （MgO） and spinel phases. The periclase can be re-hydrolyzed and dissolved in HCl solution. After acid treatment, the sample with a high surface area is composed of spinel nano-crystals and nanopores among them. Our results will provide a new and economic way to synthesize mesoporous materials through pathways of phase transformation of precursor materials with different composition.     

中国大陆及邻近海域的Rayleigh波群速度分布

利用Rayleigh波群速度资料反演得到中国大陆及其临近海域的(70°E-145°E,10°N-55°N)15-120s周期的群速度分布图像. 塔里木盆地在15s处清楚地显示为低速,在16-33s左右没有显示,但在36-5s显示为高速,说明塔里木盆地有较深的根. 青藏高原块体是44s至120s图像中最为突出的低速块体,南面与印度板块的分界线以及与北面的塔里木盆地、柴达木盆地的分界清晰,其块体中西部的速度低于东部. 泰国清迈附近存在一尺度为1000km左右的低速带,可能是青藏高原块体的物质向东南方向迁移造成上地幔物质上涌的结果. 南北地震带表现为强烈的速度梯度带,西面为低速,东面为高速. 中国南海的中央、日本海中央、菲律宾海表现为海洋性地壳. 菲律宾海的图像与地形及地震带完全吻合. 环绕菲律宾海及日本海存在400km左右宽的低速带,可能是岩浆活动带.     

川东南龙王庙组埋藏及混合水白云岩化作用

通过野外调查和地球化学分析,认为四川盆地东南部土河场和南山坪剖面龙王庙组的白云岩不同于区内其他的白云岩。川东南地区龙王庙组白云岩多为回流渗透成因,土河场白云岩则为埋藏白云岩,而南山坪白云岩则为混合水成因。土河场白云岩分布在龙王庙组的下部,不具备形成回流渗透白云岩的地质条件,包体测温显示土河场白云岩的形成温度较高,均在105 ℃以上,其Mn元素和Fe元素含量较高,平均值分别为792.5×10-6和3 428.8×10-6,且具有很好的相关性,δ18O平均为-8.18‰,明显低于研究区其他剖面的白云岩,这些特征均反映了土河场剖面白云岩形成于埋藏环境的特征。南山坪剖面主体处于斜坡相中,也不具备形成回流渗透白云岩的地质条件。南山坪白云岩具有明显的低Na元素的特征,δ18O也明显偏负,显示其形成于温度相对较低的低盐度流体环境中,此外,南山坪白云岩具有明显的U元素富集的特征,指示南山坪白云岩形成与大气淡水有关,为混合水成因的白云岩。这两类白云岩具有相对较好的物性条件,对川东南地区储层发育具有重要意义。     

Rare earth element geochemistry of dolomites in the Middle Devonian Presqu'ile barrier, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin: implications for fluid-rock ratios during dolomitization

Rare earth elements (REE) were determined in fine, medium and coarse crystalline replacement dolomites, and for saddle dolomite cements from the Middle Devonian Presqu'ile barrier from Pine Point and the subsurface of the Northwest Territories and north-eastern British Columbia. REE patterns of the fine crystalline dolomite are similar to those of Middle Devonian limestones from the Presqu'ile barrier. Fine crystalline dolomite occurs in the back-barrier facies and may represent penecontemporaneous dolomitization at, or just below, the sea floor. Medium crystalline dolomite is widespread in the lower southern and lower central barrier. Medium crystalline dolomite is slightly depleted in heavy REE compared with Devonian marine limestones and fine crystalline dolomite, and has negative Ce and Eu anomalies. Medium crystalline dolomites replaced pre-existing limestones or were recrystallized from earlier fine crystalline dolomites. During these processes, the REE patterns of their precursors were modified. Late stage, coarse crystalline replacement dolomite and saddle dolomite cements occur together in the upper barrier and have similar geochemical signatures. Coarse crystalline dolomites have negative Eu anomalies, and those from the Pine Point area also have positive La anomalies. Saddle dolomites are enriched in light REE and have positive La anomalies. The REE patterns of coarse crystalline dolomite and saddle dolomite differ from those of marine limestones and fine and medium crystalline dolomites, suggesting that different diagenetic fluids were responsible for these later dolomites. Although massive dolomitization requires relatively large volumes of fluids in order to provide the necessary amounts of Mg^2-. dolomitization and subsequent recrystallization may not necessarily modify the REE signatures of the precursor limestones because of the low concentrations of REE in most natural fluids. Thus, relative fluid-rock ratios during diagenesis may be estimated from REE patterns in the diagenetic and precursor minerals. Fine crystalline dolomites retain the REE patterns of their limestone precursors. In the medium and coarse crystalline dolomites the precursor REE patterns were apparently altered by large volumes of fluids involved during dolomitization. This study suggests that REE compositions of dolomites and their limestone precursors may provide important information about the relative amounts of fluids involved during diagenetic processes, such as dolomitization.     

多个密度分界面重力观测数据的反演问题

<正> 重磁观测数据的反演问题,一直是地球物理学界所关心的一个问题。过去国内外对单层密度界面反演问题的研究,已有不少结果。他们大都是在界面起伏远小于深度的假设下,把反演问题线性化,化为解第一类褶积积分方程的问题,或化为解线性规化问题,进一步用Тихонов关于解不适定问题的正则化方法来解决。苏联学者们在这方面作了不少理论性的工作。另一途径是直接用位场理论把反演问题化为拉普拉斯的柯西问题来