多电极直流探测系统及其应用效果

本文介绍地质矿产部机电所研制的多电极直流探测系统的主要技术性能,硬件和软件设计特点,数据处理软件的配置以及在不同领域勘探应用实例。     

Temporal variation of soil erosion resistance on sloping farmland during the growth stages of maize (Zea mays L.)

Maize growth has great effects on soil properties and thus likely induces the changes in soil erosion resistance on sloping farmland. However, temporal variation of soil erosion resistance during the growth stages of maize is still unclear in the mountainous yellow soil area where maize is the dominant crop. In this study, four maize plots (MP) and four bare land plots (CK) were conducted to investigate soil erosion resistance, and multiple indicators of soil erosion resistance were measured including the total soil anti-scourability (TAS), mean weight diameter (MWD), soil erodibility K factor and soil shear strength (SH). A comprehensive soil erosion resistance index (CSERI) was employed to quantify the temporal variation of soil erosion resistance during the growth stages of maize (seedling stage, SS; jointing stage, JS; tasselling stage, TS; maturing stage, MS). The results showed that TAS, MWD, SH increased significantly with maize growth and SH decreased when at MS. But K factor decreased significantly over time. CSERI increased significantly during the growth stages of maize and the CSERI of JS, TS, MS increased on average by 74.72, 180.68 and 234.57% than that of SS. Compared to CK, CSERI of MP increased by 49.90, 66.82, 55.60 and 38.61% during the growth stages of maize. The temporal variation of soil erosion resistance was closely related to the changes in maize cover, maize roots and soil organic carbon. The findings demonstrated that it is necessary to consider the temporal variation of soil erosion resistance in the mountainous yellow soil area.     

浙江新昌早白垩世木化石新材料及内含真菌菌丝化石

浙江新昌下白垩统馆头组是我国南方地区为数不多的白垩纪木化石产出层位。本文报道了新昌地区馆头组木化石新材料及其内含真菌菌丝化石。木化石具明显生长轮,管胞径壁纹孔南洋杉式(多数单列、椭圆形、紧挤排列,偶见双列互生排列);交叉场纹孔南洋杉式;木射线单列式,多数2~11个细胞高。当前木化石新材料具有与现生南洋杉科植物相类似的木材解剖特征,显示其应归入贝壳杉型木属(Agathoxylon Hartig)。鉴于该类型木化石的分类现状仍有待厘清,将其定为Agathoxylonsp.。木化石内含真菌菌丝化石,管状,具横隔,平直或弯曲,常以不同角度分叉,菌丝壁光滑,具典型的锁状联合,属于担子菌类。当前木化石木材组织具有明显的木材腐朽特征,与现代真菌造成的木材白腐一致,推断此真菌化石为木材白腐菌。新昌地区贝壳杉型木属木化石新材料的发现进一步丰富了馆头组木化石的多样性,有助于增进对南方地区早白垩世植物群组成特征的认识。当前真菌菌丝化石是我国南方地区首次发现白垩纪担子菌化石,为探究白垩纪时期森林生态系统真菌与植物的相互作用提供了新的化石证据。     

基于地铁控制网的广州市新CORS系统静态检测分析

2016年广州市对现有的3套CORS系统进行了优化整合,为了检验新CORS系统自身的稳定性,本文结合2016年广州市新布设的覆盖广州中心8区地铁四等控制网,简要介绍了基于地铁控制网的广州新CORS基准站静态检测的流程,包括构网策略、数据整理、基线解算、网平差、静态检测分析等,并得到可靠性的分析成果。结果表明该方法是可行的,对后续CORS系统稳定性分析有一定的指导意义。     

内管超前绳索取心技术在松散沉积物调查中的应用

松散沉积物是覆盖层的主要物质存在形式,是推动绿色发展、建设生态文明的主要研究对象。随着研究内容的不断丰富,对覆盖层调查的深度与精度不断提高,能否实现对松散沉积物的精准、原位无污染取样是制约后续研究的关键要素之一。本文基于锡林郭勒盟-通辽地区钻探调查实践,将绳索取心钻进工艺、超前取心技术与成膜护壁冲洗液技术相结合,提高孔壁稳定性和松散岩心完整性,解决制约厚覆盖层调查钻探取样技术难点,可为相关领域松散沉积物调查提供技术借鉴。     

基于锂离子电池储能技术的便携式钻机研制与应用

锂离子电池作为现代文明中重要的能量载体被广泛且大量地使用。浅层钻探是一种重要的浅表层调查取样手段,将锂离子电池储能技术应用于便携式钻机的研发,可解决山区、林草区等特殊地貌区防火期内调查取样的难题,实现浅钻调查零碳排,助力绿色勘查发展;本文重点介绍了锂电池电动钻机的技术参数、特点及试验情况,该机型具有体积小、质量轻、无噪音、无污染,主要钻进参数可显示、可调控,钻进数据可采集、可存储等特点,锂离子电池储能技术在便携式钻机中的应用为浅钻装备数字化、信息化和智能化发展奠定了基础。     

Quantitative Analysis of Paleoatmospheric CO2 Level Based on Stomatal Characters of Fossil Ginkgo from Jurassic to Cretaceous in China

A better theoretical and practical understanding of the linkage between paleo-CO2 and climate during geological history is important to enhance the sustainable development of modern human society. Development in plant physiology since the 1980s has led to the realization that fossil plants can serve as a proxy for paleoatmosphere and paleobiosphere. As a relict gymnosperm with evolutionary stasis, Ginkgo is well suited for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. This paper analyzes fossil Ginkgo species from integrated strata in the north of China using anatomic data of plant physiology. Using stomatal parameters, a trend for the paleo-CO2 level during the Early-Middle Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous was obtained, which is consistent with the estimates by GEOCARB. The trend is also similar to that of Mean Global Surface Temperature in geological time. Compared with three other atmospheric CO2 concentration parameters, the trend of paleo-CO2 level based on the stomatal parameter of the fossil Ginkgo specimens from three contiguous strata is more exact.     

自我决定论下的高中地理探究活动设计——以"火星基地应该是什么样子"为例

与传统地理课堂相比,基于自我决定论(SDT)的课堂教学更加重视学生的心理健康以及内部学习动机的培养。本研究以2019年人教版高中地理必修一“火星基地应该是什么样子”为例,基于自我决定论的自主、能力、关系三个心理需要的视角,进行探究活动的设计,将理论具体落实到地理教学过程的各个环节,建立起基于自我决定论的地理教学路径与框架。     

无人机和地面三维激光扫描仪在1∶500城市基本地形图测绘中的应用

目前,对于城市1∶500数字化地形图数据的获取与更新中,全野外数字测图仍是主要的测绘方式。如何利用新的测量手段提高生产效率和降低劳动强度,是值得关注的问题。文中阐述无人机和地面三维激光扫描仪新技术在城市基本地形图测绘中的应用,利用无人机航测生产的1∶500正射影像图成果,辅助进行全野外测图;利用地面三维激光扫描仪,将快速获取的三维点云数据加以处理,用于测绘成果质量检查。通过这些新技术,对提高1∶500城市基本地形图的生产效率进行有益的尝试,对同类工程具有借鉴意义。     

Movement process,geomorphological changes,and influencing factors of a reactivated loess landslide on the right bank of the middle of the Yellow River,China

Landslides - According to local villagers, the main Beiguo landslide on the Heyang Loess Tableland in China occurred several decades ago (the specific time is unknown). After the initial occurrence...