南丹绿色矿山建设成效及展望

文章介绍了南丹通过绿色矿山建设,基本上从源头上控制了土壤重金属污染日益加重的趋势,逐步绿化和美化了社区人居环境,促进了企业与社区的和谐。南丹绿色矿山建设是国家第二轮矿产资源规划实施的典型代表,展示了第二轮矿产资源规划的成果,由此可推测第三轮矿产资源规划实施之后,我国的绿色矿山建设将更有成效,人们将进一步享受优美的环境。     

Changes in air pollutants during the COVID-19 lockdown in Beijing:Insights from a machine-learning technique and implications for future control policy

基于2015-2020年北京35个环境空气站和20个气象站观测资料,应用机器学习方法(随机森林算法)分离了气象条件和源排放对大气污染物浓度的影响.结果发现,为应对疫情采取的隔离措施使北京2020年春节期间大气污染物浓度降低了35.1％-51.8％;其中,背景站氮氧化物和一氧化碳浓度的降幅最大,超过了以往报道较多的交通站点.同时,2020年春节期间的气象条件不利于污染物扩散,导致多次霾污染事件发生.为进一步改善北京空气质量,未来需要优化减排策略.     

昌图地区小型病险水库存在问题及除险加固对策探析

昌图县95%的小型水库存在病险,急需进行除险加固工程,从而确保水库的运行安全。本文针对昌图县小型水库的病险和存在问题进行剖析,提出除险加固总体方案,重点对除险加固工程建设管理对策进行探讨,认为应加强管理手段,保证所需资金,加强前期工作,运用科学管理方法,保证除险加固工作顺利进行,发挥水库经济效益和社会效益,为其他地区小型病险水库加固建设管理具有参考价值。     

Production of Pacific White Shrimp Polycultured with Swimming Crab at Different Densities,and Nutrient Budget in the Enclosure System

This study was to evaluate the effect of stocking densities on the nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for a polyculture of the crab Portunus trituberculatus and the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.The shrimps(initial weight,0.012 g)were cultured at a density of 45 shrimp m^-2,and juvenile crabs(initial weight,0.024 g)were cultured at five densities of 0,3,6,9,and 12 crabs m^-2.The treatments were grouped as C0S45,C3S45,C6S45,C9S45,and C12S45,respectively.Water quality parameters,growth of shrimp and crabs,and nitrogen and phosphorus budget were measured.The results indicated that the shrimp performances in polyculture treatments C3S45 and C6S45 were superior to those in the crab-free treatment(C0S45).The crab in treatments C3S45 and C6S45 exhibited a significantly higher final mean weight and carapace width/length than those in treatments C9S45 and C12S45.The final size and survival of crabs had a negative correlation with the increasing crab stocking density.The contents of total phos-phorus and total nitrogen and the comprehensive contamination index values were higher in the C9S45 and C12S45 treatments than in the other treatments.The conversion ratios of nitrogen for crab and shrimp growth in treatment C3S45 were significantly higher than those in the crab-free treatment.These findings indicate that polyculturing shrimp with crabs at suitable densities can improve productivity,profitability,nutrient utilization,and the environmental quality.From the 60-day treatments,the optimal culture densi-ties were 3-6 crabs m^-2 and 45 shrimps m^-2.     

陆域蒸散的测算理论方法:回顾与展望

蒸散是地球水分循环与能量转换的关键环节.陆域蒸散的精准测算是地球物理、生物乃至环境过程研究的共同科学难题.以英国Dalton和Penman等人为代表的开创性工作,以及大气边界层湍流交换理论与实验的不断发展,奠基了现代主流的蒸散测算方法.20世纪90年代以来技术趋于成熟的涡动相关系统和卫星遥感等观测手段,跨越寒带到热带、干旱区到湿润地区,涵盖水体、湿地、森林、农田、草地、裸地、城市等不同下垫面类型,极大地拓展了对蒸散过程认知的深度和广度;捕捉了诸如地表夜间蒸散、蒸散迟滞现象、非均匀下垫面的湍流间歇、平流关联的岛屿效应、下垫面转捩效应等新的现象和事实,对经典相似性理论和蒸散测算理论等提出了新的挑战;最大熵增蒸散模型和非参数化蒸散模型等新方法和新理论的萌芽已经出现.与此同时,点位高频观测和航空航天遥感技术构筑了从植物气孔到叶片、植株、冠层、景观、流域等跨尺度测算手段,在地表蒸散过程观测及机理解析上,形成纵向深化及横向综合的新进展.陆域蒸散新理念、新模型、新技术的综合性发展,成为突破蒸散精准测算难题的基础条件,这将为揭示地球系统的水-热-碳循环机理等全球性重大基础理论问题,为满足农业灌溉与粮食安全、水资源精细化管理与生态环境保护、城市热环境调控与全球升温适应对策等国家重大需求,提供更为严谨坚实的科学理论依据和实验支撑.     

基于层次规则的OSM建筑物面目标冗余清理

开放街道地图(Open Street Map,OSM)数据由大众自发标报,因而存在大量虚假、低质量、冗余数据,其冗余数据清理研究成果乏善可陈.为此,针对OSM建筑物面目标冗余问题,构建了一套基于层次规则的OSM建筑物面目标冗余数据清理模型.首先,从OSM数据中识别冗余建筑物面目标,然后,按照拓扑关系类型将冗余建筑物面目标进行冗余分类,其次,根据建筑物面目标的冗余类型、几何特征等构建层次规则,最后,对实验区冗余面目标进行实验,并利用精确率、召回率及调和平均值(F1)等指标评价清理效果,结果表明,该模型具有良好的合理性和有效性.     

唱响主旋律 颂歌献给党：许昌市国土资源系统热烈庆祝中国共产党建党90周年

6月10日,许昌市国土资源局为隆重纪念党的90华诞,深情回顾党的奋斗历史．热情讴歌党的光辉业绩．在该市三鼎华悦大酒店举办了”许昌市国土资源系统庆祝建党90周年合唱比赛”。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000320

The self-similar is a common phenomena arising in the field of geology.It has been shown that geochemical element data,mineral deposits,and spacial distribution conform to a fractal structure.A fractal distribution requires that the number of objects larger than a specified size have a power-law dependence on size.This paper shows that a number of distributions,including power-function,Pareto, lognormal,and Zipf,display fractal properties under certain conditions and that this may be used as the mathemat...     

Ultimate Load Capacity of Offshore Pipeline with Arbitrary Shape Corrosion Defects

A set of generalized solutions are proposed for estimating ultimate load capacity of pipeline with arbitrary corrosion shapes subjected to combined internal pressure, axial force and bending moment. Isotropic and anisotropic material characteristics in longitudinal and circumferential direction of pipeline are also considered in the proposed equations. Simplified numerical method is used to solve the generalized expressions. The comparisons of numerical results based generalized solutions and full-scale experimental results are carried out. The predicted results agree reasonably well with the experiment results. Meanwhile, the effects of corrosion shapes and locations on the ultimate load capacity are studied.