Ibla cumingi (Crustacea, Cirripedia) -A Gonochoristic Species (Anatomy, Dwarfing and Systematic Implications)

Abstract. Ibla cumingi (Crustacea, Cirripedia) is a gonochoristic species with dwarf males. The anatomy of both sexes is described and compared with that of other Cirripedia s. str. Systematic implications on the basis of anatomy and biology are given. The degree of dwarfing in the male and the possible cause and way of reduction are discussed.     

Surface temperature trend for the Northern Hemisphere-updated

The surface temperature curve for the Northern Hemisphere was extended to include the years 1969 through 1973 following the same procedure used by H. C. Willett, J. M. Mitchell, Jr., and C. H. Reitan. The analysis showed a slight warming of 0.02°C between the periods 1965–1969 and 1970–1973, and a significant decrease in the number of negative temperature changes at individual stations (indicating a decrease in the total area experiencing temperature decrease).     

THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE TEMPERATURE CURVE: REPRESENTATIVENESS AND INTERPRETIVE FALLACIES

The Northern Hemisphere Temperature Curve has become one of the leading issues of modern climatology because it is not only considered to represent large-scale changes in temperature but is also used by some as a convenient indicator of changes in important derivatives of temperature. The development of the curve is reviewed and its representativeness of hemispheric climatic changes is discussed. Recently summarized marine temperature records and the tropospheric temperature record appear to confirm the general features of the curve. On the other hand, the curve's use as an indicator of local temperature changes and such derivatives as the length of the growing season and climatic variability is shown to be fallacious. This emphasizes the fact that local temperature trends are not necessarily similar to the hemispheric trend.     

Statistische Untersuchungen des Jet Stream über Europa und über dem Ostatlantik

Zusammenfassung Aus der 300mb-Fläche der täglichen Wetterkarte des deutschen Wetterdienstes wurden für den Zeitraum von 1955 bis 1963 Lage, Richtung und Geschwindigkeit der hochtroposphärischen Strahlströme bestimmt. Die jahreszeitlichen Änderungen der Positionen, Intensitäten und Richtungen des Polarfront-Jet (PFJ) und des Subtropen-Jet (STJ) werden für den Bereich von 20° W bis 20° E und von 35° N bis 70° N angegeben und diskutiert.

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Summary The position, direction and speed of the high-tropospheric jet-streams in the years 1955 to 1963 were determined from the 300 mb chart of the Daily Weather Map of the German Weather Service. The seasonal variations of the positions, intensities and directions of the polarfront jet (PFJ) and subtropic jet (STJ) in the region between 20° W and 20° E and between 35° N and 70° N have been evaluated and are discussed here.

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Résumé En partant des cartes journalières de la surface de 300 mb éditées par le service météorologique de la République fédérale d'Allemagne, on a déterminé la position, la direction et la vitesse des courants jets de la troposphère supérieure et cela pour la période 1955 à 1963. On indique et on discute les variations saisonnières de la position, de l'intensité et de la direction du jet accompagnant le front polaire (PFJ) et du Jet subtropical (STJ). La zone étudiée s'étend entre le 20ème méridien E et le 20ème méridien W, respectivement entre les 35ème et 70ème paralèlles N.

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