三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系火山岩系油气成藏主控因素及模式

三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系主要发育两套烃源岩,分别为哈尔加乌组上段和哈尔加乌组下段,油气藏形成的源控作用十分明显。通过烃源岩和原油地球化学的分析以及油源对比,发现不同类型原油的形成与分布严格受控于对应源岩的分布范围。分析表明,马朗凹陷石炭系火山岩系油气成藏的主控因素是优质烃源岩、强充注油源断裂和有利火山岩相带的合理配置。根据烃源岩与储层的配置关系,石炭系油气藏的形成可以概括为两种模式:一种为风化壳型成藏模式,油气聚集在石炭系火山岩顶部受风化淋漓作用改造的优质储层中,其中的油气来自下部烃源岩,运移通道为与烃源岩相沟通的油源断裂;另一种模式为内幕型成藏模式,储层为流体溶蚀改造的储层,其中聚集的油气来自邻近火山喷发间歇期沉积的炭质泥岩。     

体应变数字记录特征与中强震关系初探

通过对溧阳地震台体应变资料的分析研究 ,发现南黄海中强震和台湾大震前后 ,溧阳台体应变观测到一些前兆异常反映 ,异常幅度达 1 4 4× 10 - 7;并且找出了南黄海地震以及台湾大震前溧阳台体应变观测的异常特征。     

软岩洞室最优支护的广义SMP准则解与对比研究

现有洞室最优支护设计均基于Mohr-Coulomb（简称M-C）准则,不能真实反映岩石强度的中间主应力效应以及围岩的三向不等应力状态。基于广义SMP准则和稳定蠕变J3准则,考虑中间主应力对岩石强度的提高作用,建立了软岩洞室最优支护力与围岩允许最大位移的理论解答。洞室最优支护解答对M-C准则、外接圆Drucker-Prager（简称D-P）准则均具有很好的拓展性,且工程实例验证了其正确性。研究结果表明：3种强度准则结果间的差异实际反映的是对中间主应力效应的不同考虑,M-C准则和外接圆D-P准则对应的结果是两个极端情况,推荐选用广义SMP准则解答;岩石长期强度是洞室最优支护设计的关键参数,围岩凝聚力与内摩擦角的影响亦很显著,应合理测定岩石的强度参数并充分考虑变异性。     

同期叠置式火山构造地层层序的建立--以福建永泰油洋地区早白垩世寨下组火山岩地层为例

在大面积火山岩分布地区填图，对于复杂的相互叠置的同期不同喷发次的火山岩，通过火山构造的研究、不同喷发次界面的确定及不同岩石组合特征的归并，划分出喷发间歇期区（带），并理清不同火山构造和群体间的上下关系。在这基础上，依据各火山构造和群体的地层剖面建立地层层序。这不仅反映了测区火山活动的全貌，而且对建立火山岩地层的层序更趋合理。     

Kinetics and thermochemistry of amyl xanthate adsorption by pyrite and marcasite

The kinetics and thermochemistry of the xanthate adsorption reaction on pyrite and marcasite were evaluated with respect to the existing theory. The rate of xanthate adsorption was studied in a stirred reactor and the xanthate concentration was determined by UV spectrophotometry as a function of time. The heat of the adsorption reaction was measured with a microcalorimeter. The results from both experiments indicate that xanthate adsorption by pyrite or marcasite involves the formation of dixanthogen by an electrochemical reaction at the solid surface which supports the conclusions of other investigators:

$\text{1}\text{2}\text{O}{}_2\text{(aq) =}\text{1}\text{2}\text{O}{}_2\text{(ad) 2X + 2H}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{+}\text{1}\text{2}\text{O}{}_2\text{→ X}{}_2\text{(ad) + H}{}_2\text{O}$

The rate of the adsorption reaction was found to be approximately one-half order with respect to the xanthate concentration and to have an activation energy of 7.5 kcal/mole. Additionally, the rate was found to have a slight dependence on pH under certain conditions. In view of these results, it appears that the adsorption reaction is controlled by electrochemical discharge at the pyrite surface. Analysis of the data in terms of an electrochemical kinetic model successfully explained the observed rate phenomena.The measured heat of the adsorption reaction at low pH was found to be between ?63 and ?56 kcal/mole of adsorbed dixanthogen and independent of surface coverage. These experimental heats of adsorption agree with the value of ?57 kcal/mole of dixanthogen calculated for the oxidation of xanthate by oxygen from thermodynamic data reported in the literature.