蒙古高原NDVI的空间格局及空间分异

基于GIMMS NDVI多年最大值合成数据,采用空间统计学方法,利用Moran’ s I系数分析、半变异函数分析以及分维分析等3种方法,对蒙古高原NDVI空间格局及空间分异特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)蒙古高原NDVI的空间分布在全局范围内呈现正的空间自相关,相似的NDVI值倾向于聚集在一起,这表明蒙古高原植被具有较好的整体性,地表植被无显著破碎化;(2)蒙古高原NDVI的空间分布虽然同时受到结构性因子和随机性因子的影响,但结构性因子占据绝对控制地位,结构性因子引起的空间变异占系统总变异的88.7%;(3)蒙古高原NDVI存在各向异性的分布特征,具有相似NDVI值的像元主要沿着西北-东南方向展布;全局NDVI空间自相关距离约为1178km,西北-东南方向与东北-西南方向的空间自相关距离比可达2.4 ∶ 1。     

蒙古高原NDVI的空间格局及分异

GIMMS NDVI database and geo-statistics were used to depict the spatial distribu-tion and temporal stability of NDVI on the Mongolian Plateau. The results demonstrated that: (1) Regions of interest with high NDVI indices were distributed primarily in forested moun-tainous regions of the east and the north, areas with low NDVI indices were primarily distrib-uted in the Gobi desert regions of the west and the southwest, and areas with moderate NDVI values were mainly distributed in a middle steppe strap from northwest to southeast. (2) The maximum NDVI values maintained for the past 22 years showed little variation. The average NDVI variance coefficient for the 22-year period was 15.2%. (3) NDVI distribution and vege-tation cover showed spatial autocorrelations on a global scale. NDVI patterns from the vegetation cover also demonstrated anisotropy; a higher positive spatial correlation was in-dicated in a NW-SE direction, which suggested that vegetation cover in a NW-SE direction maintained increased integrity, and vegetation assemblage was mainly distributed in the same specific direction. (4) The NDVl spatial distribution was mainly controlled by structural factors, 88.7% of the total spatial variation was influenced by structural and 11.3% by random factors. And the global autocorrelation distance was 1178 km, and the average vegetation patch length (NW-SE) to width (NE-SW) ratio was approximately 2.4:1.0.