2003-2013年中国居民健康水平的区域差异（英文）

Health inequality is an increasing concern worldwide.Using the coefficient of variation,Theil index,exploratory spatial data analysis,and spatial panel econometric model,we examined the regional inequality,spatio-temporal dynamic patterns,and key factors in the health status of Chinese residents from 2003 to 2013.We found that China's residential health index(RHI) decreased from 0.404 to 0.295 in 2003–2013 at an annual rate of 2.698%.Spatially,resident health status,based on the RHI,has improved faster in the western region than in the eastern and central regions.Inequality in resident health status continued to increase between 2003 and 2013;inequality between regions decreased,but health status inequality expanded within regions.Furthermore,disparities in health status grew faster in western regions than in the eastern and central regions.The spatial distribution of resident health status formed a "T-shaped" pattern across China,decreasing from east to center then to the west with a symmetric decrease north and south.Using the change in Moran's I from 2003 to 2008 and 2013,we found that the distribution of resident health status across China has narrowed.All the hot spots and cold spots have decreased,but they are also stable.Resident health status formed a stable cold spot in the western regions,while the east coastal area formed a stable hot spot.Selected explanatory variables have significant direct impacts on resident health status in China:increasing per capita GDP,per capita spending on health,and urbanization,and improving environmental quality all lead to better resident health status.Finally,we highlight the need for additional research on regional inequality of resident health status across multiple time,spatial,and factor domains.     

中国居民健康水平的区域差异:2003-2013

健康不公平作为影响人类发展的核心问题,已引起世界各国的广泛关注。基于变异系数、泰勒指数、空间自相关分析和空间面板计量模型,本文探讨了2003年以来中国居民健康水平的区域差异、时空变化及其关键影响因素,旨在为政府制定全民健康政策提供科学依据。结果发现：① 2003-2013年,中国居民健康水平提高26.98%,西部增幅高于东、中部,但始终保持着“东—中—西”阶梯式递减态势;② 中国居民健康水平的区域差异总体呈扩大趋势,其中地带间差异趋于缩小,地带内差异趋于扩大,西部地带内差异扩大尤为显著;③ 居民健康水平的空间分布转为明显的“T”字型格局,并呈“东—中—西”阶梯式及“北—中—南”对称式递减;④ 居民健康水平的空间集聚程度趋于减小,热点区与冷点区均呈收缩态势,且西部形成规模显著的稳定性冷点,东部沿海形成规模显著的稳定性热点;⑤ 人均GDP、人均公共医疗卫生支出、城市化水平及环境质量等因素对居民健康水平时空变化具有显著影响,随着人均GDP与人均公共医疗卫生支出的增加、城市化水平的提高及环境质量的改善,居民健康水平随之提高。未来,还需对居民健康水平的多时域、多尺度及多影响机制等问题开展深入研究。