Thermodynamic conditions of framework grain dissolution of clastic rocks and its application in Kela 2 gas field

Feldspar and clastic debris are the most important constituent framework grains of sedimentary clastic rocks and their chemical dissolution plays an essential role in the formation and evolution of the secondary pore in the reservoir rocks. On the basis of thermodynamic phase equilibrium, this study investigates the chemical equilibrium relationships between fluid and various plagioclase and K-feldspar in diagenesis of the sediments, particularly, the impact of temperature and fluid compositions (pH, activity of K+, Na+, Ca2+ and so on) on precipitation and dissolution equilibria of feldspars. Feldspar is extremely easily dissolved in the acid pore water with a low salinity when temperature decreases. The dissolution of anorthite end-member of plagioclase is related to the Ca content of the mineral and the fluid, higher Ca either in the mineral or in the fluid, easier dissolution of the feldspar. Moreover, the dissolution of albite end-member of plagioclase is related to Na of both the mineral and fluid,     

新型小城镇地质环境综合调查服务——以江苏丹阳2016年数据集为例

成果的有效应用服务是城市地质调查工作的核心驱动力,城市地质数据集作为城市地质调查工作的核心成果,是决定城市地质调查研究成果应用服务有效性的关键。中国地质调查局部署开展丹阳小城镇地质环境综合调查试点,本次共完成遥感解译1 047 km²（3期数据）,调查点767个,钻探115个,累计钻探进尺8 720 m（其中第四系孔915 m,水文孔2 366 m,工程孔5 439 m）,采集第四纪地质样品2 904组,地下水样品240组,原状土样1 108组,土壤样2 482组,地下水位统测点70个,抽水试验18组等。查清了丹阳市水文地质、工程地质、地质灾害等分布规律,并围绕丹阳市规划建设对地质工作的实际需求,对各类调查原始数据进行了专项加工,建立了数据集,为丹阳市规划建设提供了良好的支撑服务。文章对数据来源、数据收集方法、处理技术等方面进行了整理和归纳,形成了小城镇地质调查应用服务地质数据集的构建方法,为今后小城镇地质调查和数据集处理及应用提供参考。     

江苏丹阳千年“沸井”的地质成因与形成机理

通过采用无机和有机化学分析、可控源音频大地电磁测深、高密度电阻率和氡气测量等地质地球化学和地球物理方法,对江苏丹阳九里村六口相距30～200 cm不等的"沸腾"了2000多年的古井及其周围地质环境进行了详细勘查,研究发现:①"沸井"沸腾的气体主要为CO_2,此外,还有微量氡气和总挥发性有机物(TVOC),这些气体组分在临近的非"沸井"的民用水井中均未检出。②"沸井"水样中游离二氧化碳、钙、铁、锰、总溶解固体、总硬度、重碳酸根、稀土元素等含量均明显高于"沸井"周围其他民用水井和湖水。③"沸井"井水温度(夏天约19℃)与周围其他民用水井基本一致,未见异常情况。④"沸井"地下深部存在玄武岩岩体和茅东断裂的次级断裂,在这些断裂地表出露处氡气含量明显高于其他地方。⑤"沸井"的存在与茅东活动断裂有着密切的联系,"沸井"中沸腾的气体主要来源于地壳深部或上地幔,气体沿断裂带上升而逸出地表。⑥六口"沸井"井水味道各不相同,系因各"沸井"井水中游离二氧化碳、钙、铁、锰等含量及pH值不一所致。"沸井"井水"三清三浊",主要与井水中铁含量高低有关,三口铁含量高的井水因暴露于空气中氧化为三价铁沉淀,是井水浑浊的主要原因。     

中国石墨供应风险评价

石墨是战略性矿产,是支撑未来战略性新兴产业发展的重要资源。通过收集石墨储、产、消、贸、价等方面的数据资料,构建了资源安全、贸易安全和市场安全三维供应风险评价体系,通过计算资源保障程度、自给率、进口份额占比、进口国家风险、进口国家集中度、进口价格波动指数、价格波动指数7个指标对石墨资源供应风险进行评价,结果显示市场安全对石墨供应风险影响最大。建议建立大鳞片石墨资源储备制度,实施石墨出口配额制度,以石墨烯技术辐射带动整个石墨产业,打破石墨提纯及深加工技术垄断,引领中国石墨产业发展,促进中国由石墨资源大国向石墨资源强国迈进。     

基于LiDAR数据的水域边界提取方法探讨

提出一种基于单个三角形最小外接圆来提取水域边界的方法,通过构建TIN、计算三角形最小外接圆半径、三角形面域合并、提取面域边界等步骤,实现了从LiDAR点云数据中对水域边界的快速提取.利用覆盖湖北省长江流域的LiDAR点云数据验证了方法的有效性,结果表明该方法能快速提取各种形状的水面区域边界,减小了后期DEM数据的人工编...     

Effects of temperature and salinity on survival,growth and DNA methylation of juvenile Pacific abalone,Haliotis discus hannai Ino

Temperature and salinity are two of the most potent abiotic factors infl uencing marine mollusks.In this study,we investigated the individual and combined ef fects of temperature and salinity on the survival and growth of juvenile Pacifi c abalone,Haliotis discus hannai Ino,and also examined the DNA methylation alteration that may underpin the phenotypic variation of abalone exposed to dif ferent rearing conditions.The single-factor data showed that the suitable ranges of temperature and salinity were 16–28°C at a constant salinity of 32,and 24–40 at a constant temperature of 20°C,respectively.The two-factor data indicated that both survival and growth were signifi cantly af fected by temperature,salinity and their interaction.The optimal temperature-salinity combination for juveniles was 23–25°C and 30–36.To explore environment-induced DNA methylation alteration,the methylation-sensitive amplifi ed polymorphism(MSAP)technique was used to analyze the genomic methylation profi les of abalone reared in optimal and adverse conditions.Neither temperature nor salinity induced evident changes in the global methylation level,but 67 and 63 dif ferentially methylated loci were identifi ed in temperature and salinity treatments,respectively.The between-group eigen analysis also showed that both temperature and salinity could induce epigenetic dif ferentiation in H.discus hannai Ino.The results of our study provide optimal rearing conditions for juvenile H.discus hannai Ino,and represent the fi rst step toward revealing the epigenetic regulatory mechanism of abalone in response to thermal and salt stresses.     

空中三角测量中WuCAPS的应用

通过WuCAPSGPS加密方案与传统方案的比较,阐明了WuCAPSGPS加密方案在减少野外工作量,缩短成图周期方面的重要意义.     

国产资源三号测绘卫星DSM数据质量评价--以高海拔山区为例

为了评价国产资源三号测绘卫星DSM数据精度,在顾及地貌类型的情况下,以涵盖平原、台地、丘陵等地貌的高海拔山区为研究案例,并以1∶1万实测地形图DEM为假定真值,以90m分辨率SRTM DEM为评价参照,从高程精度和地形描述精度两个方面,对15m分辨率ZY-3DSM进行精度评价分析。研究结果表明:ZY-3DSM高程精度优于SRTM DEM,前者高程中误差仅为后者的1/6;就地形描述精度来讲,ZY-3DSM与SRTM DEM相比,其地形描述精度更接近理论值,前者RMS Et实际值仅为理论值0.99倍,而后者的实际值却是理论值5.13倍。由此看来,ZY-3DSM数据精度整体上高于SRTM DEM。