Hydroacoustic estimates of fish biomass and spatial distributions in shallow lakes

We conducted acoustical surveys with a horizontal beam transducer to detect fish and with a vertical beam transducer to detect depth and macrophytes in two typical shallow lakes along the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River in November 2013. Both lakes are subject to active fish management with annual stocking and removal of large fish. The purpose of the study was to compare hydroacoustic horizontal beam estimates with fish landings. The preliminary results show that the fish distribution patterns dif fered in the two lakes and were af fected by water depth and macrophyte coverage. The hydroacoustically estimated fish biomass matched the commercial catch very well in Niushan Lake, but it was two times higher in Kuilei Lake. However, acoustic estimates included all fish, whereas the catch included only fish 45 cm(smaller ones were released). We were unable to determine the proper regression between acoustic target strength and fish length for the dominant fish species in the two lakes.     

软土流变性对深基坑周围地表沉降的影响分析

在实测资料和前人研究的基础上,分析了软土地区深基坑围护结构水平位移值和墙后地表沉降的变化规律。对围护结构水平位移进行二次曲线拟合,假设地表沉降曲线形态可用正态分布密度函数来描述,利用地层损失法计算各工况下墙后最大地表沉降,并与各工况下实测最大地表沉降比较,提出了软土流变性对地表沉降规律的滞后影响。