Tests to evaluate the ecological impact of treated ballast water on three Chinese marine species

Ballast water has been a topic of concern for some time because of its potential to introduce invasive species to new habitats. To comply with the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships＇ Ballast Water and Sediments, members of the International Maritime Organization （IMO） must equip their ships with on-board treatment systems to eliminate organism release with ballast water. There are many challenges associated with the implementation of this IMO guideline, one of which is the selection of species for testing the ecological impacts of the treated ballast water. In the United States, ballast water toxicity test methods have been defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. However, the test methods had not been finalized in China until the toxicity test methods for ballast water were established in 2008. The Chinese methods have been based on species from three trophic levels： Skeletonema costatum, Neomysis awatschensis, and Ctenogobius gymnauchen. All three species live in broad estuarine and open sea areas of China; they are sensitive to reference toxicants and acclimatize easily to different conditions. In this paper, the biological characteristics, test processes and statistical analysis methods are presented for the three species. Results indicate that the methods for evaluating these three organisms can be included in the ecological toxicity tests for treated ballast water in China.     

基于遥感任务的凹多边形区域无人机航迹规划算法

针对遥感观测的需求与特点,提出一种基于遥感任务的凹多边形区域无人机 (UAV) 航迹规划算法,旨在保证UAV不相撞与区域全覆盖的前提下,总耗时更短. 根据遥感影像获取的特点,采用统一主飞行方向,定点拍摄进行UAV航迹规划. 通过航线分割点求取、多边形划分、UAV分配、碎片多边形合并与UAV再分配以及航点信息求取五个步骤,得到在选定主飞行方向的情况下UAV航迹的优化. 通过选取凹多边形及其凸包的边所在的方向分别为主方向,得到全局最优解. 实验结果表明:该算法能合理分配UAV并进行航迹规划,比传统方法更为高效、适用性更强.