东坪式与正长岩类有关的金矿床成矿机理的同位素地球化学制约

东坪式金矿床产于华北地台北缘金矿成矿带的冀西北金矿集中区,构造上位于华北克拉通北缘深大断裂-尚义-赤城断裂的南侧。金矿床产于泥盆纪早期(386～410Ma)水泉沟正长岩杂岩体内及接触带附近,矿体分布受脆-韧性剪切断裂构造的制约。金矿成矿作用具有多期次的特点,成矿时代为燕山期(156～203Ma)。矿石类型主要为石英脉型、石英网脉 脉旁钾硅化蚀变岩型和钾硅化蚀变岩型,具有典型的碱性岩金矿的金-碲组合,(含)金矿物主要为自然金、碲金矿和碲金银矿。流体包裹体的 H、O 及 He 同位素研究表明,成矿流体为以大气降水主的混合热液流体并可能存在深源流体的参与。矿床的 S、Pb、Sr 和 Si 同位素组成表明,金矿成矿物质主要来源于正长岩杂岩体,部分源于太古宙桑干群变质岩和燕山期花岗岩。因此,东坪式金矿是由燕山期伸展构造环境下热液流体在上涌地幔及岩浆活动的热驱动下对泥盆纪早期形成的正长岩交代改造的产物。     

Correlation of the middle devonian formations of Australia

In the Precambrian rocks west and southwest of the Mount Isa Fault three significant fold generations are recognized. Within individual successions, units containing an early phase of deformation are juxtaposed by a late fault against a sequence that does not share these earlier events.

Many of the large‐scale structures in the Judenan Beds are first‐generation folds, whereas west of the Judenan Beds the area is dominated by second‐generation folds. These two sets of folds are tentatively correlated and are referred to as the Judenan Folds. An earlier set of pre‐Judenan folding is only found in the units west of the Judenan Beds. One phase of the Sybella Granite is also associated with the Judenan folding. Later small‐scale folds associated with a crenulation cleavage are, however, of little regional importance and are commonly found only in zones of highly deformed rocks.     

GEOLOGY OF THE GORGE DISTRICT OF THE YANGTZE (FROM ICHANG TO TZEKUEI) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GORGES.

As the Gorge District of the Yangtze is one of the few areas in China that can deservedly boast before the world its scenic grandeur as well as beauty, it has been long felt that a systematic account of its geological conditions would open another aspect of interest to the scientific travellers. There are already on the record the observations of Pumpelly, Richthofen, Abendanon, Willis and Blackwelder, Noda and others; but the results of their work, important as they are in certain respects, seem to ind...     

Decentring poverty studies: Middle class alliances and the social construction of poverty

Editors' Note: The following is the tenth in the Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography Lecture Series. It is based on the plenary presentation of 13 April at the AAG held in Seattle in 2011. In this essay I explore relational poverty analysis to take seriously the spatially varied intersections of political‐economic, social ordering and cultural‐political processes in shaping understandings of poverty. My work as part of the Middle Class Poverty Politics Research Group employs a relational comparative methodology to theorize where, when and under what circumstances those framed as ‘middle class’ act in opposition to or in solidarity with those named as ‘poor’. Our approach focuses on the exploitative effects of capital accumulation, processes of unequal sociospatial categorization and political and discursive systems that limit or exclude the poor. Our research focuses on places experiencing capitalist crisis because intense periods of restructuring highlight material and discursive struggles over poverty. We conclude by identifying a research agenda focused on the ways in which poverty politics are constituted by the nonpoor through place and in the articulation of places with processes of political economy, governance and cultural politics.     

地理信息系统GIS在地籍、地形测量中的运用

本文利用地理信息系统(GIS)对测绘地形、地籍以及生成土地证、房产证等一些图件进行说明，并作相应的转换处理，满足了地籍管理工作的需要。     

Protective and treatment measures against major harmful organisms in cotton-growing belt of Xinjiang

1 Harmful Organisms in Xinjiang Cotton-Growing BeltThe harmful organisms in Xinjiang cotton-growing belt are mainly diseases, insects and weeds. The diseases include Verticillium albo-atrum, cotton-root decaying disease and cotton-boll decaying disease, while the harmful insects include cotton aphids (Aphis gosspii), cotton mites, cotton boll-worms (Heliothis armigera), cotton thrips (Thrips. sp), Lygus pratersis and cutworms. Their harmful effects vary in different places but all of them …     

Report of the Science Community Workshop on the proposed First Sample Depot for the Mars Sample Return Campaign

The Mars 2020/Mars Sample Return (MSR) Sample Depot Science Community Workshop was held on September 28 and 30, 2022, to assess the Scientifically-Return Worthy (SRW) value of the full collection of samples acquired by the rover Perseverance at Jezero Crater, and of a proposed subset of samples to be left as a First Depot at a location within Jezero Crater called Three Forks. The primary outcome of the workshop was that the community is in consensus on the following statement: The proposed set of ten sample tubes that includes seven rock samples, one regolith sample, one atmospheric sample, and one witness tube constitutes a SRW collection that: (1) represents the diversity of the explored region around the landing site, (2) covers partially or fully, in a balanced way, all of the International MSR Objectives and Samples Team scientific objectives that are applicable to Jezero Crater, and (3) the analyses of samples in this First Depot on Earth would be of fundamental importance, providing a substantial improvement in our understanding of Mars. At the conclusion of the meeting, there was overall community support for forming the First Depot as described at the workshop and placing it at the Three Forks site. The community also recognized that the diversity of the Rover Cache (the sample collection that remains on the rover after placing the First Depot) will significantly improve with the samples that are planned to be obtained in the future by the Perseverance rover and that the Rover Cache is the primary target for MSR to return to Earth.     

GEOLOGY OF THE GORGE DISTRICT OF THE YANGTZE (FROM ICHANG TO TZEKUEI) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GORGES.

As the Gorge District of the Yangtze is one of the few areas in China that can deservedly boast before the world its scenic grandeur as well as beauty, it has been long felt that a systematic account of its geological conditions would open another aspect of interest to the scientific travellers. There are already on the record the observations of Pumpelly, Richthofen, Abendanon, Willis and Blackwelder, Noda and others; but the results of their work, important as they are in certain respects, seem to ind...     

缓倾内斜坡多层采煤下覆岩变形特征数值模拟研究

贵州省水城县发耳煤矿尖山营变形体、米萝煤矿后山变形体以及兴仁县国保煤矿映山红山变形体是典型的采动斜坡,变形具有显著的矿山地质灾害特征。本文通过对前述三处采动斜坡坡体结构特征总结分析,提出具有代表性的概化工程地质模型,并基于离散元数值模拟方法,对开采三层煤条件下不同采空区排布方式覆岩变形破坏特征进行了研究。研究表明:采空区完全重叠条件下最上层采空区覆岩塌陷最严重,受岩体碎胀性影响岩体塌陷的最大深度小于采空区竖向总厚度;采空区顶板岩体破坏会逐渐向上部岩体传递,这种破坏现象传递至地表后破坏程度相较于采空区顶板减弱,地表塌陷的最大值远小于采空区竖向总厚度,其与采空区重叠面积相关性小;采空区排列的总长度越大,斜坡变形范围越大,但位移量值相较于采空区重叠的情况小;斜坡下部煤层被开采后,采空区上部坡体具有向坡外运动的趋势,坡脚出现显著的应力集中,坡脚岩体对斜坡具有"锁固"效应,扰动坡脚对斜坡稳定会产生不利影响。     

Correlation of the lower devonian rocks of australasia

Alkali basaltic rocks from the Southern Highlands, N.S.W., contain oxide phases of both high and low pressure origin. The two phases are readily distinguished using chemical and textural criteria.

Chemical data for low‐pressure Fe‐Ti oxides indicate that oxygen fugacities of the host lavas range from 10‐^12.8 to 10‐⁸ atm at 950° to 1110°C. In most cases, the oxygen fugacities of the individual lava flows appear to be principally a function of temperature and intrinsic chemical equilibria existing at the time of formation of the basaltic liquid. However, some relatively differentiated flows shows a high degree of oxidation due to volatile enrichment with fractionation. Rare glassy flows show dendritic crystallization of Fe‐Ti oxides. Most flows in which abundant olivine was the first phase to be precipitated also contain Cr‐rich spinels associated, and apparently coeval, with the earliest‐crystallizing olivine.