A torsion-induced electric charge of the abelian higgs sunspot

One demonstrates that the Abelian Higgs sunspot acquires a non-zeroelectric charge (as well as angular momentum) in the background of a curved space-time endowed with a constant, completely antisymmetrictorsion tensor. An effective Lagrangian density is shown to contain a Chern-Simons-like term, and it leads to gauge-invariant equations of motion provided that one can neglect terms of the second order in a torsion's magnitude. The space-time torsion is also revealed to lock together the spot'selectric andmagnetic degrees of freedom.     

The ‘sleeping beauty’ galaxy NGC 4826: an almost textbook example of the abelian higgs vorto-source (-sink)

It is demonstrated that the kinematic peculiarity of the early Sab galaxy NGC 4826 can easily be understood in terms of the Abelian Higgs (AH) model of spiral galaxies. A cylindrically symmetric AH vorto-source (-sink) with a disk-to-bulge ratio > 1 is discussed and the distributions of the diagonal components of the corresponding stress-energy tensorT are presented. It is argued that the sign-changing componentT could account for the existence of twocounter-rotating gas disks whilenegative values ofT imply inward gas motions as observed in the outer and transition regions of the galaxy.     

Conformally symmetric Abelian Higgs sunspot and non-metricity of the Sun's spacetime

A U(1)-symmetric Yang-Mills-Higgs (i.e., an Abelian Higgs) sunspot's model is recognized to originate from a massless, complex-valued scalar field coupled minimally to electromagnetic gauge potentials in the background of a (globally)conformally symmetric semi-metric spacetime, whose metric structure is described by the generalized Einstein equations with nonvanishing (positive-valued) cosmological constant. It is shown, in particular, that non-linearity (selfcoupling) of the scalar field appears due to a non-zeroness of the cosmological term, whereas its non-zero vacuum amplitude is induced by the (Ricci scalar) curvature of the Sun's spacetime manifold.     

27‐day variations of solar indices and cosmic ray neutron monitor intensities

Solar activity indices (coronal, chromospheric as well as photospheric) and cosmic ray neutron monitor rates (different cut‐off rigidity) have been used to study 27‐day variations in the years from 1957 to 2004. Daily data were employed for this purpose, analysed by the FFT and wavelet techniques. To work with a continuous data set for the cosmic rays (CR), the ‘Composite Cosmic Ray’ (CCR) set was first created from the observations carried out at different neutron monitor stations. The CCR frequency analysis shows significant 27‐day variations in the intensity of CR, with its amplitude's values very sensitive to the sign of the quantity qA. The most significant 27‐day variations of CR were found not to correlate with those of other solar indices. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

The horizontal solar telescope with spectrograph at Stará Lesná Observatory

The construction and the optical design as well as the controlling electronic device and the spectrum recording of the new horizontal solar telescope with the spectrograph of the Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences are described. Also some of its adjustments and improvements are briefly mentioned.Paper presented at the 11th European Regional Astronomical Meetings of the IAU on New Windows to the Universe, held 3–8 July, 1989, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.     

On the transmutation and annihilation of pencil-generated spacetime dimensions

A spacetime manifold generated by the pencil of conics defined by two distinct pairs of complex-conjugated lines and a pair of real lines is considered. The manifold, originally endowed with two spatial and two temporal dimensions, is shown to substantially change its properties as we change the affine properties of the pencil. Two kinds of transformation are of particular interest. A dimensionality-preserving process, characterized by the transmutation of a temporal coordinate into a spatial one and leading to familiar (3+1)D spacetime, and a dimensionality-reducing scenario, featuring simultaneous annihilation of one temporal and one spatia dimension and ending up with a (1+1)D spacetime. A striking difference between the nature of temporal and spatial is revealed; whereas we find purely spatial manifolds, those comprising exclusively temporal dimensions donot exist.     

Quantum micro-solitons – a clue to solve the fundamental problems of solar physics?

We outline a very intriguing analogy between stable macrostructures seen on the Sun and microsolitons of a quantum nature exhibited by ferromagnetic and superconducting substances. The solar convective zone is shown to be not only highly conductive but also strongly diamagnetic, bearing thus a strong ressemblance to the fundamental properties of superconductors; the sunspots, whose site the convective zone is, are then simply viewed as macro-analogues of the quantum Abrikosov vortices in the type II superconductor(s). Another stable structures of the solar atmosphere, quiescent prominences, can be regarded as counterparts of the Bloch walls in ferromagnetic substances. Guided by symmetry principles we predict the existence of still other type of macrosolitons — which we will call unipoles — located well inside the Sun whose quantum counterparts are the magnetic monopoles of 't Hooft and Polyakov. It is shown in an explicit way that it is the concept of the Higgs field (or order parameter) which, when applied on solar phenomena, seems to lead to a deeper insight into the physics of latters than it is possible to gain with the help of classical MHD theories only.     

Generalized Abelian Higgs sunspot endowed with a rotatory motion

An Abelian Higgs model of sunspot generalized in a Chern-Simons-like fashion is discussed. It is shown, in particular, that both themagnetic andelectric fields are present inside the sunspot, and that the latterrotates. One demonstrates that the total angular momentum of a static, cylindrically symmetric sunspot is proportional top ², wherep — an integer — stands for the number of magnetic fluxquanta carried by the spot. Finally, the behaviour of the Higgs field amplitude, magnetic and electric field strengths are illustrated for the spots carrying one to five flux quanta, all having the penumbra-to-umbra radius ratio of the value .     

Sunspots and (un)orientability of space-time

Within the framework of a globally conformally symmetric Abelian Higgs sunspot model it is shown that if there is even one sunspot present in the convection zone the (Sun's) space-time manifold becomesunorientable provided that the compatibility of the affine connection and the volume-form is demanded.     

Sunspot-connected prominences as manifestation of a topological nontriviality of the spot Higgs vacuum within an Abelian Higgs model

We demonstrate that aspot-connected prominence (filament) can simply be viewed as manifestation of anon-trivial topology of the spot's Higgs vacuum. It is conjectured that the spot-connected prominence forms in the region where thephase of the Higgs field, describing sunspot, has itsdiscontinuity. A conclusion is arrived at that two topologically different types of prominences associated with sunspots might exist; aone-arm prominence, entering the spot from one side only, and a two-arm one, which points towards the spot's center from two opposite directions and whose each arm carries a topological charge whose magnitude is one-half of that carried by the former.