含铁闪锌矿热容的实验测定与分析

利用美国ＤｕＰｏｎｔ公司的９９００型差示扫描量热仪对３个含铁闪锌矿样品的热容进行了实验测定,并讨论了定压摩尔热容实验值与实验温度的关系。实验结果表明,在实验条件下,含铁闪锌矿的定压摩尔热容与纯闪锌矿的定压摩尔热容存在显著差异,Ｆｅ置换Ｚｎ是造成这种差异的主要原因。     

RZB型深井宽频带地形变综合观测系统的垂向应变测量单元

目前钻孔应变观测一般为水平应变,使用无限岩石平板中的钻孔应力集中模型,可反演出水平应力场分布及变化.如果在此基础上加上垂向应力测量,就可反演出三维应力场分布.本文介绍的RZB型深井宽频带地形变综合观测系统的垂向应变测量单元,外钢筒为波纹管结构,并通过螺旋刻丝、热处理等技术,其垂向等效弹性模量比耦合水泥低一个数量级,同时垂向应变钢筒的水平向等效弹性模量高于垂向弹性模量一个数量级.垂向应变探头的力学结构可以被形象地看成是一个螺旋柱形弹簧,其轴向极易产生弹性形变,而水平向的硬度却得到了极大的加强,因此可在竖井中较为准确地测量轴向应变.     

2012年黑龙江省一次特大暴雪成因分析

2012年11月11—12日黑龙江省出现了一次大范围暴雪天气过程。文章利用常规资料、区域自动气象站、NCEP1o×1o资料对其环境条件进行分析,探讨了天气形势特征以及物理量场与暴雪落区的对应关系。结果表明:500h Pa低涡和地面江淮气旋是此次暴雪天气过程的主要影响系统。在低涡暖湿切变与低空偏东急流出口区左侧出现暴雪。同时强降雪出现在850 h Pa涡度和200 h Pa散度大值区内;强上升运动大值区的位置及移动与暴雪过程的时空演变基本一致。低空西南急流和东南风急流使得暖湿气流被源源不断地输送到黑龙江省,并得以聚集,从而为降雪增强提供了有利条件。     

浙江省作物产量气象预测服务系统研究

浙江省作物产量气象预测服务系统是浙江省农业气象业务服务系统的子系统。采用集资料处理、产量分析、组建产量预测模式、实时预测等功能于一体,操作简便,自动程度高。经１９９４￣１９９６年使用表明,系统服务效果较好。     

Measurement of ambient air particulate pollutant concentrations and dry depositions for PS-1 combined with dry deposition plate at a wetland site

In this study, the concentrations of ambient total suspended particulates (TSP) and their dry deposition were measured using a PS-1 sampler with dry deposition plates at a wetland sampling site in central Taiwan during a sampling period from October 2016 to December 2016. The PS-1 sampler was fixed at set distances (1.5 and 2 m) from a dry deposition plate, and sampled particulate pollutants were sampled to determine their concentrations and dry deposition rates simultaneously. A dry deposition plate 3 m from the PS-1 sampler was also used to collect dry deposition particulate. This plate was also used to compare dry depositions from ambient air, collected from new device. The results thus obtained indicated that the average dry deposition rates on the dry deposition plates that were 1.5 and 2 m from the sampler were 103.15 and 103.94 µg/m² min, respectively, in October, 83.36 and 100.18 µg/m² min in November, and 171.2 and 157.5 µg/m² min in December. These dry deposition rates were compared with that 3 m away from the PS-1 sampler. The statistical t test revealed no significant differences between the dry depositions on dry deposition plates at 1.5 and 2 m from the sampler. The dry deposition rates at 1.5 and 2 m from the sampler did not differ significantly from that at 3 m from the PS-1 sampler. This study proves that a PS-1 sampler can be combined with a dry deposition plate to measure TSP concentrations and dry depositions simultaneously using a single device.     

A comparison of performance of several artificial intelligence methods for forecasting monthly discharge time series

Developing a hydrological forecasting model based on past records is crucial to effective hydropower reservoir management and scheduling. Traditionally, time series analysis and modeling is used for building mathematical models to generate hydrologic records in hydrology and water resources. Artificial intelligence (AI), as a branch of computer science, is capable of analyzing long-series and large-scale hydrological data. In recent years, it is one of front issues to apply AI technology to the hydrological forecasting modeling. In this paper, autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) models, artificial neural networks (ANNs) approaches, adaptive neural-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) techniques, genetic programming (GP) models and support vector machine (SVM) method are examined using the long-term observations of monthly river flow discharges. The four quantitative standard statistical performance evaluation measures, the coefficient of correlation (R), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (E), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), are employed to evaluate the performances of various models developed. Two case study river sites are also provided to illustrate their respective performances. The results indicate that the best performance can be obtained by ANFIS, GP and SVM, in terms of different evaluation criteria during the training and validation phases.     

基于生态足迹的甘肃省耕地资源可持续利用与情景预测

 基于生态足迹理论,测算了1997-2009年甘肃省在保持社会经济可持续发展下的最佳耕地资源容量,运用ARIMA模型对甘肃省2010-2015年的生态足迹和生态承载力进行预测,按照《甘肃省国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》中的社会经济指标对耕地资源可持续发展容量进行情景预测。结果表明：1997-2009年,甘肃省耕地资源可持续发展容量总体上呈现上升趋势,其中1997-2002年耕地资源可持续发展容量基本低于实际耕地面积,2003-2009年,耕地资源可持续发展容量均高于实际耕地面积,出现耕地利用负荷现象;ARIMA模型预测结果显示,2010-2015年,甘肃省人均耕地生态足迹呈现上升趋势,年平均增长率为4.75%,人均耕地生态承载力呈现减少趋势,但总体上变化不大,人均耕地生态赤字从2011年成为负值,并且逐渐增加;情景预测结果显示2010-2015年,甘肃省耕地资源可持续发展容量与实际耕地面积差距愈来愈大,预计到2015年,为实际耕地面积的2.42倍,耕地利用负荷现象严重,人地关系紧张。     

高能双能X射线DR成像及物质识别技术综述

本文关注的是高能双能X射线透视成像以及成像中物体的识别和检测,按照从单能到低能双能再到高能双能的发展脉络介绍了双能X射线DR成像技术背景,详细阐述了高能双能X射线DR成像物质识别原理方法、技术特点和针对性改进,着重讨论了该方法能够用于物质识别的本质,并介绍了该领域面临的挑战和最新进展。     

悬挂式球形分量线圈研制简介

基于国内外质子磁力仪分量线圈的最新进展, 综合国内外分量线圈的优缺点, 成功研制我国第一台悬挂式球形分量线圈。 该线圈具有体积小, 重量轻, 中心均匀磁场均匀度高, 分量观测值稳定性好, 均匀磁场对外辐射范围小等优点。