南海南部海区障碍层季节变化及其对垂向热传输的影响

对 1 98 5年 5月至 1 999年 7月间在南海南部 1 3个航次调查的温、盐度资料 ,分别计算和分析了该海区障碍层特性的地理分布及季节变化 ;讨论了障碍层对其下水层水温的可能影响 ;对障碍层强度进行了探讨 .结果表明 :研究海区四季均有部分海域存在着障碍层现象 ,它呈现出一种区块状分布 .它是深度浅、厚度薄、位于海表附近的一层水体 ,有阻碍上层海水热量往下层传输的功能 .障碍层深度、厚度随季节和地理位置的不同而有差异 ,它们的分布与上表层水体分布及海水混合的强弱有关 .分析还认为 ,障碍层强度以障碍层内密度的垂向梯度表示是可行的     

南海北部海区上层水体平均声速场的变化

对所收集到的南海北部海区的温度、盐度和深度历史资料进行了声速的计算、统计与分析,结果表明该海区上层水体的平均声速场有较明显的年际变化:表层声速的平面分布显示出沿岸水与外海水强弱交替变化的特征,声速等值线的走向几乎与岸线平行,等声速线的值自近岸向外海增加,大陆架外缘海区声速的水平梯度较大;下层声速的分布以环流和水体共同作用的形式出现,50m层声速平面分布的趋势除冬季与表层稍为相似外,其余季节与表层有明显的差别,春、夏季节50m层声速自西向东增加,而秋季与其表层分布相反,自近岸向外海减小;声速的垂直分布受海水升温与降温的影响显著,春、夏季表层海水升温,海表声速最大,声速自海表随深度的增加而减小;秋、冬季表层附近水层降温,声速稍偏低,普遍出现正梯度现象,最大声速移至表层以下的水层,这个深度随季节的改变而改变,随海区的不同而不同.该海区的平均声速有年波动现象,表层波幅最大,随深度的增加波幅变小,至100m水层其波动的位相几乎与表层相反.     

不规则波Boussinesq型方程的造波,消波和反射

对前人提出的造波、消波和反射边方法分析表明,其方法是极浅水波近似,不适用于任意水深的水域,本文就任意水深变化Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ型方程,提出了不规则波新的造波原理、方法和消波边界及部分反射边界波动方程,试验表明,本文提出的造波、消波和反射方程有效而可靠的。     

近岸区不规则波成工模型的研究：1.模型的建立

以不规则波在缓变地形和缓变流场水域的折射－绕射理论以及风浪的成长,衰减理论为基础,得到近岸区不规则波长成模型,结合近岸波浪特性和海洋工程应用的实际情况,建立综合考虑海岸,折射,白浪,底摩擦,流,风和非线性作用诸因素的近岸不规则波数值计算模型,该模型具有二维波谱特性及实用性,文章力图使模式更合理地反映近岸波浪的传播,成长和衰减规律而整个计算工作量则较小,可在微型电子计算机上得以实现。     

Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals and Grain Size of Sediments from Hailing Bay, China

Introduction Hailing Bay located in western Guangdong province is an important marine aquaculture base and a famous scenic spot. Moyang River which flows across Yangjiang is the major runoff and polluted source in the sea area of Hailing Bay. Hailing Bank ( approximately 5 000 m ) which was built to connect Hailing Island and the continent in 1964 has blocked the natural circulation of suspended sand and pollutants in seawater. Water flux through the Yangjiang harbor extensively decreases …     

近岸二维海流数值计算方法若干问题的研究和应用

就二维浅水体动力方程应用物理意义明确的有限体积法，收敛快而稳定的五对角全隐格式，以及嵌套，变步长的网格和动边界技术，进行二维海流场的数值计算，并研究了开边界为斜断面的定解条件的数值方法和开边界上断面各点水位的计算方法。最后把本数值方法应用于某海岸工程的可行性研究，并验证了这种海流数值计算方法的合理性。     

1156测波仪资料的外方向谱计算方法研究

基于海浪的外观特征提出了一个用1156测波仪资料计算海浪外方向谱的方法，并与S4测波仪同步资料的海浪外方向谱进行了比较，得出1156外方向谱、S4外方向谱和1156方向谱三者主波向的一致性在80％以上。两种外方向谱的谱图也极为相似。1156海浪外方向谱80％能量展角大于S4海浪外方向谱80％能量展角，这可能与1156测波仪受海面风和表层流影响较大有关。分析说明1156与S4的海浪外方向谱其代表性都是可以肯定的，且方法简单、实用，很有必要与直接观测的外方向谱进行比较，以确定这种计算方法的实用价值。     

Numerical Calculation for Nonlinear Waves in Water of Arbitrarily Varying Depth with Boussinesq Equations

Based on the high order nonlinear and dispersive wave equation with a dissipalive term, a numerical model for nonlinear waves is developed. It is suitable to calculate wave propagation in water areas with an arbitrarily varying bottom slope and a relative depth h/ L0≤ 1. By the application of the completely implicit slagger grid and central difference algorithm, discrete governing equations are obtained. Although the central difference algorithm of second-order accuracy both in time and space domains is used to yield the difference equations, the order of truncation error in the difference equation is the same as that of the third-order derivatives of the Boussinesq equation. In this paper, the correction to the first-order derivative is made, and the accuracy of the difference equation is improved. The verifications of accuracy show that the results of the numerical model are in good agreement with those of analytical solutions and physical models.     

Computation of Wave, Tide and Wind Current for the South China Sea Under Tropical Cyclones

Based on the third-generation oceanic wave prediction model (WAVEWATCH Ⅲ) ,the third-generation nearshore wave calculation model (SWAN) and the mathematical tide, tidal current and cyclone current model, which have been improved, interconnected and expanded, a coupled model of offshore wave, tide and sea current under tropical cyclone surges in the South China Sea has been established. The coupled model is driven by the tropical cyclone field containing the background wind field. In order to test the hindcasting effect of the mathematical model, a comparison has been made between the calculated results and the observational results of waves of 15 cyclone cases, water levels and current velocities of the of 7 cyclones. The results of verification indicate that the calculated and observed results are basically identical.